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Table of Contents

Abstract

Introduction

Geography

Geology

Ground Water

Formations

Well Records

Logs of Test Holes

References

Plates

Logs

Most of the logs of water wells were obtained from drillers' written records but a few were supplied from memory by well owners. Lithologic terms used in the drillers' logs have been retained. The terms "gyp," "gyp rock," "magnesia," or "magnesia rock" have been used by some drillers in describing the harder cemented beds in the Ogallala formation. Many of the softer unconsolidated beds of the Ogallala have been logged as clay, but in those wells from which cuttings are available for study most of the so-called clay was found to be silt.

T. 25 S. || T. 26 S. || T. 27 S. || T. 28 S. || T. 29 and 30 S.

28. Log of test hole drilled for the Soil Conservation Service on the Harry Froetschner farm, in the SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec. 1, T. 26 S., R. 21 W. (Authority, Lewis H. Bacon, Soil Conservation Service.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Ogallala formation
	Top soil and clay	14	14
	Sand, fine	3	17
	Gravel, fine, dry	5	22
	Gravel, medium to coarse	4	26
	Clay, sandy, yellow; and coarse gravel	19	45
Dakota formation
	Sandstone, soft	25	70
	Shale, jointed, blue	15	85
	Sandstone; very hard drilling	-	-
	Shale, blue	15	100
	Sandstone, hard, yellow; very hard drilling	26	126

2. Log of test hole 2, 100 feet south of NW corner sec. 6, T. 26 S., R. 21 W., drilled by the State and Federal Geological Surveys, 1940. Surface altitude, 2,385.1 feet. (Authority, samples studied by Perry McNally and H.A. Waite.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Ogallala formation
	Road fill	3	3
	Silt, brown	3	6
	Silt, fine, sandy, brown with a slight reddish cast	2	8
	Silt, gritty, light gray, and caliche	3	11
	Silt, gray-green, fairly soft	3	14
	Silt, fine, sandy, limy, soft, gray and cream colored	17	31
Greenhorn limestone
	Shale, calcareous, white, some yellow-brown in color	5	36
	Shale, fine, sandy, calcareous, yellow to gray; hard limestone bed 0.5 foot thick at top	4	40
	Shale, fine sandy, calcareous, brown	5	45
	Shale, calcareous, blue gray to dark gray; drilled fairly hard	7	52
	Shale, calcareous bluish-gray	2	54
	Shale, calcareous, sandy, gray-black, hard; alternating with thin beds of black shale	6	60
	Shale, calcareous, bluish-gray; drilled fairly hard	10	70
Graneros shale
	Shale, argillaceous, bluish gray to black; drilled fairly hard	15	85
	Shale, argillaceous, soft, blue-gray to light gray	1	86
	Shale, soft, black; drilled easily	2	88
	Shale, gritty, light gray; drilled harder than bed above	4	92
	Shale, black; contains fragments of bentonite	17	109
Dakota formation
	Shale, clayey, gray to white	7	116
	Sandstone, fine-grained, gray	1	117
	Shale, sandy, gray to white, soft and sticky	7	124
	Shale, clayey, variegated, brown, gray, and maroon	1	125
	Shale, clayey, variegated, mostly brown	2	127
	Shale, sandy, gray to white	3	130
	Shale, clayey, variegated	4	134
	Sandstone, fine-grained, saccharoidal, light-gray	6	140

29. Log of test hole drilled by the Soil Conservation Service on the Anna Quasebarth farm, in the NE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec. 12, T. 26 S., R. 21 W. (Authority, Lewis H. Bacon, Soil Conservation Service.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Topsoil	6	6
	Sand, fine	5.5	11.5
	Gravel, fine to medium to coarse; contains balls of clay	6	17.5
	Clay, contains some gravel	34.5	52
Dakota formation
	Sandstone, soft	9	61
	Gravel, fine to medium (water-bearing)	10	71
	Sandstone, soft, bluish gray	21	92
	Gravel, fine to medium	10	102
	Clay, yellow; contains some gravel, hard brown sandstone, and blue clay	18	120
	Sandstone, brown	6	126

30. Log of test hole drilled by the Soil Conservation Service on the Herman Wetzel farm, near the NW corner SW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec. 13, T. 26 S., R. 21 W. (Authority, Lewis H. Bacon, Soil Conservation Service.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Topsoil	6	6
	Sand and gravel (static water level, 11.5 feet)	12	18
	Clay and some gravel	9	27
	Clay balls and gravel, tight	11	38
Dakota formation (?)
	Clay, gray and light blue (shale)	7	45

31. Log of test hole drilled for the Soil Conservation Service on the Grover Fields farm, in the NW corner SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec. 13, T. 26 S., R. 21 W. (Authority, Lewis H. Bacon, Soil Conservation Service.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Top soil	4.5	4.5
	Sand	2.5	7
	Gravel, fine and clay	4.5	11.5
	Gravel medium; and soft silty clay	1.5	13
	Clay, contains some gravel (may be Ogallala formation in lower part)	44	57
Dakota formation
	Clay, solid but rather soft, yellow (shale)	3	60
	Sandstone, dark brown	5	65

32. Log of well (98) of Henry Hattrup, in the SE 1/4 NE 1/4 sec. 23, T. 26 S., R. 21 W. (Authority, owner, from memory.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Top soil	3	3
	Sand, fine and dry	2	5
	Gravel, dry	5	10
	Gravel, medium to coarse; water-bearing	7	17
	Clay, sandy, fine	2	19
	Gravel	10	29

33. Log of test hole drilled for the Soil Conservation Service on the Leo Hattrup farm, in the NW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec. 23, T. 26 S., R. 21 W. (Authority, Lewis H. Bacon, Soil Conservation Service.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Top soil and clay	13	13
	Sand, fine	3	16
	Gravel, fine	2	18
	Gravel, medium	17	35
Dakota formation (?)
	Clay, very sandy, reddish	25	60
	Clay, very sandy, bright yellow	13	73
	Sandstone, soft; artesian flow in this interval	23	96
	Shale, gray and light blue	6	102

34. Log of test hole drilled by the Soil Conservation Service on the Harry Speck farm, in the NE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec. 24, T. 26 S., R. 21 W. (Authority, Lewis H. Bacon, Soil Conservation Service.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Top soil and fine sand	3	3
	Sand, fine	5	8
	Sand and medium to fine gravel	8	16
	Gravel, medium to coarse; slight trace of yellow clay	2	18
	Clay	9	27
	Sand, fine	10	37
Dakota formation
	Clay, yellow	4	41
	Shale, blue	8	49
	Sandstone, light gray	3	52
	Clay, fine, sandy	8	60
	Shale, blue, and fine sandy clay	3	63
	Sandstone, hard	3	66
	Sandstone, soft, and fine sand	8	74
	Sandstone, soft, dense; contains sharp fine gravel near the top	52	126
	Sandstone; contains some sharp sandy gravel and a little gray shale	4	130
	Sandstone and sharp, coarse gravel	1	131
	Shale, bluish-gray	3	134

35. Log of test hole drilled for the Soil Conservation Service on the Otto Kurth farm, in the SE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 24, T. 26 S., R. 21 W. (Authority, Lewis H. Bacon, Soil Conservation Service.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Topsoil	4	4
	Sand, fine	4	8
	Sand, fine to medium	7	15
	Gravel, fine	1	16
	Sand, fine to medium; and some gray clay	7	23
	Gravel, fine; and trace of clay	4	27
	Gravel, good water-bearing; and yellow clay	3	30
Dakota formation
	Clay, yellow, changing to bright yellow with depth; contains 2-inch bed of sandstone at base	31	61
	Sandstone; water flowed from the top of the hole from a depth of 63 feet	4	65
	Sandstone, soft, yellowish-brown; artesian flow increased in magnitude at a depth of 67 feet	20	85
	Sandstone, slightly harder than bed above	6	91
	Sandstone, hard, in layers; very hard layer at 94 feet; contains some gray shale; flow mudded off at this depth	6	97
	Shale, bluish-gray; and yellow sandy clay-shale	18	115
	Shale, sandy, clayey, reddish and blue; changes to yellowish sandy clay	9	124
	Sandstone, hard; slight artesian flow	1	125

36. Log of well (100) of Leonard Dinkela, in the SW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 31, T. 26 S., R. 21 W. (Authority, owner, from memory.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Ogallala formation
	Soil	5	5
	Sand, reddish-brown; contains white limy pebbles (water at 42 feet)	37	42
	Rock, lime rock	0.5	42.5
	Clay, white	17.5	60
Dakota formation
	Shale, blue to slate-colored	70	130
	Clay, "rainbow," red, white, maroon (varicolored)	10	140
	Shale, blue	50	190

3. Log of test hole 3,100 feet south of the NW corner sec. 6, T. 26 S., R. 22 W., drilled by the State and Federal Geological Surveys, 1940. Surface altitude, 2,434.0 feet. (Authority, samples studied by Perry McNally and H.A. Waite.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Ogallala formation
	Road fill	2	2
	Silt, soft, light brown	6	8
	Silt, fine, sandy, light brown; contains a small amount of lime	4	12
	Silt, limy, soft, light gray to white; contains caliche and gravel intermixed	8	20
	Silt, limy, gray to buff; contains coarse sand and gravel, and a few fragments of limestone (Greenhorn)	2	22
	Silt, fine, sandy, limy, light brown; cuttings contained well-preserved specimen of Biorbia rugosa	2	24
Greenhorn limestone
	Shale, fine, sandy, calcareous, yellow	9	33
	Shale, hard, calcareous, gray, variegated in part; contains a few limonitic streaks	15	48
	Shale, clayey, dark bluish-gray; contains rusty-brown sandy streaks; gummy, drilled fairly hard	2	50

37. Log of domestic well on the Ben Lampe farm, in the SE corner sec. 14, T. 26 S., R. 22 W. (Authority, owner, from memory.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Ogallala formation
	Soil	3	3
	Clay, brown; contains white streaks; becomes sandy with depth. (Some water at 18 feet)	67	70
Dakota formation
	Sandrock	6	76
	"Soapstone," variegated clay containing red, yellow, and blue streaks	26	102

38. Log of test hole drilled on the Wm. G. Duesing farm, near the center of the SE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 23, T. 26 S., R. 22 W. (Authority, samples studied by H.A. Waite.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Ogallala formation
	Soil	5	5
	Clay, brown	5	10
	Clay, brown; contains limy nodules	10	20
	Clay, silty, reddish-brown	5	25
	Clay, limy, brown; contains some sand	5	30
	Clay, limy; contains some cemented clay and some sand and gravel (water at 39 feet)	9	39
Dakota formation
	Shale, varicolored, yellow to light gray, streaked	2	41
	Shale, bluish-gray	14	55

4. Log of test hole 4, 50 feet NW of SE corner sec. 20, T. 26 S., R. 23 W., drilled by the State and Federal Geological Surveys, 1940. Surface altitude, 2,481.6 feet. (Authority, samples studied by Perry McNally and H.A. Waite.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Ogallala formation
	Top soil, silty loam, brown	7	7
	Silt, fine, sandy, limy, light brown, contains caliche; drilled harder from 11 to 18 feet	11	18
	Silt, limy, light gray to almost white; contains some caliche	12	30
	Silt, limy, white; contains some caliche	5	35
	Sand, fine, soft, orange-brown to yellow	2	37
	Sand, cemented, brown, fairly hard	9	46
	Sand, fine, to coarse gravel, dirty; contains admixture of silt	10	56
	Sand, fine, to fine gravel, contains some fine sandy silt	2	58
	Silt, fine, sandy, brown; to fine, gray, limy silt; contains sand and gravel	9	67
Dakota formation
	Shale, clayey, fine, sandy, yellowish-green, contains interbedded yellow, green, and gray, soft sandstone	3	70
	Sandstone, fine-grained, soft, light gray	1	71
	Shale and sandy clay, variegated, gray to orange-yellow	4	75

39. Log of test hole drilled on the east side of Ford County Lake southeast of the Ford County Farm, in the NE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec. 2, T. 26 S., R. 24 W. (Authority, Jos. F. Bauer, driller.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Ogallala formation
	"Gyp rock," white, sandy	18	18
	"Gyp rock" and yellow clay	42	60
Graneros shale (?)
	Shale, black	25	85
Dakota formation (?)
	Sandstone, fine, shelly; bit came up clean	8	93

40. Log of well (129) of H.D. Buell, in the NE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec. 2, T. 26 S., R. 24 W. Surface altitude, 2,507 feet. (Authority, owner.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Ogallala formation
	Soil and clay	25	25
	"Gyp" rock	43	68
Dakota formation
	Sandstone (drilled easily)	16	84
	Shale, variegated (soapy and hard drilling at bottom)	40	124

5. Log of test hole 5, 125 feet east of NW corner sec. 6, T. 26 5., R. 24 W., drilled by the State and Federal Geological Surveys, 1940. Surface altitude, 2,513.0 feet. (Authority, samples studied by Perry McNally and H.A. Waite.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Ogallala formation
	Roadfill	3	3
	Silt, light brown, limy, and caliche	7	10
	Silt, fine sandy, brown	2	12
	Silt, light gray, limy, and caliche	3	15
	Silt, sandy, limy, brown, and caliche	5	20
	Silt, sandy, brown	1	21
	Sand, brown, and limy conglomerate; drilled fairly hard	4	25
	Sand, medium to gravel, coarse; contains a few pebbles	4	29
	Silt, fine, sandy, brown	2	31
	Silt, light gray, limy, and caliche	2	33
	Silt, fine, sandy, brown, contains some lime	3	36
	Silt, limy, light gray to white, and caliche	5	41
	Sand, silty, limy, gray to white, and caliche	1.5	42.5
	Caliche, light gray, and silt, limy	2.5	45
	Silt, fine, sandy, limy, greenish-gray	9	54
	Sand, silty, fine, limy, light gray to white	12	66
	Sand, silty, limy, gray to buff; contains some caliche	10	76
	Sand, medium; contains some lime	11	87
	Silt, greenish-gray, and clay, hard; drilled fairly bard	6	93
	Clay, gray to red to yellow-brown	3	96
Graneros shale
	Shale, argillaceous, bluish-gray to black, sticky	14	110

41. Log of well (195) at the roundhouse of the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway Company at Dodge City, drilled in 1900, in the SW corner SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec. 25, T. 26 S., R. 25 W. (Authority, A.M. Truman, division engineer, Dodge City.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Loam and clay. (First water level at 18 feet; second water level at 20 feet)	22	22
	Sand and gravel (Arkansas River bed)	17	39
Ogallala formation
	Clay	17	56
	Sand, streaked with clay	8	64
	Clay	2	66
	Sand	5	71
	Clay	4	75
	Sand	10	85
	Clay	7	92
	Sand	7	99
	Clay	3	102
	Sand, streaked with clay (second water)	0.8	122.8
	Sand and gravel, coarse (third water)	21	143.8

42. Log of test hole drilled about 1910, in the SE corner SW 1/4 sec. 26, T. 26 S., R. 25 W., 300 feet east of waterworks and ice plant at Dodge City, Kansas (a). (Authority, Oscar Johnson, driller.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Soil, sandy loam	3	3
	Sand, water	27	30
Ogallala formation
	Clay, yellow, soft, impermeable	10	40
	Sand, water-bearing	40	80
	Clay, yellow, and sand	10	90
	Sand, fine, resembles quicksand (water)	60	150
	Gravel, coarse, clean (strong water)	10	160
Graneros shale (?)
	Clay, mucky, sticky, black, impermeable	20	180
	Shale, black	40	220
Dakota formation (?)
	Sand and sandrock, yellow; contains 8 to 10 inches of coal at base	20	240
	Sandrock, white (water)	15	255
	Sandstone, dark	10	265
	Clay, mucky, black	10	275
	Rock, red	10	285
	Rock, red	40	325
	Sandrock, gray	10	335
	Shale, yellow	20	355
	Rock, red	70	425

a. It is reported that this test hole was drilled to a depth of 980 feet, and that a flow of salt water was encountered at a depth of 680 feet sufficiently strong to lift the drilling tools.

6. Log of test hole 6, in the SE 1/4 NE 1/4 sec. 28, T. 26 S., R. 25 W., drilled by the State and Federal Geological Surveys, 1939. Surface altitude, 2,502.6 feet. (Authority, samples studied by Fred T. Holden and H.A. Waite.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Soil, brown, sandy	3	3
	Silt, tan-brown, sandy; contains some lime	6	9
	Silt, tan, and fine sand to coarse gravel	2	11
	Silt, brown, limy	7	18
	Silt, gray and brown, limy	2	20
	Sand and gravel, tan, coarse; mainly quartz and feldspar	8	28
Ogallala formation
	Silt, sandy, limy, reddish-brown	2	30
	Gravel, tan; mainly quartz and feldspar	1	31
	Clay and silt, tan, limy	4	35
	Clay, light tan and tan-brown; silt, and caliche	16	51
	Clay, light tan and tan-brown, sandy; silt, and caliche	5	56
	Clay, dark tan; and silt	2	58
	Clay, light tan, limy; and silt; contains thin layers of caliche	6	64
	Sand and gravel, tan; interbedded with thin layers of limy clay, silt and caliche	3	67
	Clay and silt, tan-brown and cream colored; contains caliche	10	77
	Clay and silt, tan, very sandy; interbedded with thin layers of tan sand	25	102
	Sand, fine, tan, to coarse gravel; contains water-worn chips of limestone	5	107
	Clay, sandy, drab tan; silt, and caliche	3	110
	Sand, fine, quartz, tan, to coarse gravel; contains some balls of clay	6	116
	Clay and silt, sandy, tan; contains water-worn chips of limestone	10	126
	Sand and gravel, quartz, tan; contains water-worn chips of limestone	32	158
	Sand and gravel, quartz, tan; contains fragments of caliche and rounded water-worn chips of limestone	3	161
	Same as bed above; contains balls of tan silt	12	173
	Clay, whitish-gray	5	178
Greenhorn limestone (lower part)
	Shale, calcareous, brownish-black	2	180
	Shale, calcareous, light gray and pink-gray	10	190

43. Log of well (248) of John Clark, in the SW corner sec. 33, T. 26 S., R. 25 W. (Authority, owner, from memory.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Top soil	12.5	12.5
	Sand (water at 14 feet)	1.5	14
	Gravel, medium	7	21
	Sand, coarse	7	28
Ogallala formation
	Sand, fine, resembles quicksand	42	70
	Clay, yellow	5	75
	Sand, and interbedded layers of cement rock	52	127
	Rock, hard, cemented, white	0.5	127.5
	Gravel, coarse, water	38.5	166

44. Log of domestic well of A.J. Kline on the south side of the Arkansas river at Dodge City, in the NE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec. 34, T. 26 S., R. 25 W. (Authority, Tom Stauth, driller.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Soil	3	3
	Sand, dry, mealy	4	7
	Gravel	4	11
	Clay	2	13
	Gravel	4	17
	Clay	1	18
	Gravel, water-bearing	4	22
	Clay, streak	3	25
	Sand, water-bearing	4	29
Ogallala formation
	Clay	61	90
	Gravel, good	12	102
	Quicksand	2	104
	Gravel, good water-bearing size	13	117
	Rock, hard	1	118

45. Log of abandoned city well (west well) in Wright Park at Dodge City in the NE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec. 35, T. 26 5., R. 25 W. (Authority, Rex Reynolds, water superintendent.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Sand	24	24
	Clay	8	32
Ogallala formation
	Sand	12	44
	Sandy clay	27	71
	Clay	19	90
	Sand	7	97
	Clay	8	105
	Gravel	3	108
	Hardpan	2	110
	Gravel (second water gravel)	25	135

46. Log of city well (273) at Dodge City, in the SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec. 35, T. 26 S., R. 25 W. (Authority, Layne-Western Co., drillers.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Sand, fine	8	8
	Sand and gravel	28	36
Ogallala formation
	Rock with streaks of fine sand	7	43
	Clay	3	46
	Sand	5	51
	Clay	7	58
	Sand, fine	18	76
	Clay	7	83
	Sand and gravel	64	147

7. Log of test hole 7, at the SE corner sec. 17, T. 26 S., R. 26 W., drilled by the State and Federal Geological Surveys, 1939. Surface altitude, 2544.0 feet. (Authority, samples studied by Fred T. Holden and H.A. Waite.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Alluvium
	Soil, brown	3	3
	Sand and gravel, tan; mainly quartz and feldspar	24	27
Ogallala formation
	Clay and silt, tan	15	42
	Silt, tan, and sand, quartz	11	53
	Silt, tan, and sand, quartz; contains balls of white limy clay	6	59
	Clay and silt, pink-brown to yellow-brown; contains lumps of white, limy clay and nodules of lime	9	68
	Lime nodules, white, tan-brown; silt, and tan sand (typical "mortar bed")	5	73
	Clay and silt, brown and tan	4	77
	Clay and silt, brown and tan; and sand, fine to medium, quartz, tan	1	78
	Clay, sandy and silt; yellow-tan	7	55
	Clay and silt, yellow-tan, soft; and sand, fine, tan	8	93
	Clay and silt, limy, tan	3	96
	Sand and gravel, quartz, tan; contains balls of tan silt	21	117
	Clay, sandy and silt; light tan	4	121
	Clay, sandy and silt; light tan, tan and brown	14	135
	Clay, sandy and silt; light tan, tan and brown; and some tan and white quartz gravel and scattered water-worn chips of limestone	5	140
	Sand, quartz, tan and white; contains water-worn chips of limestone	6	146
	Gravel, quartz, tan; contains water-worn chips of limestone	24	170
	Sand, quartz, tan; contains water-worn chips of limestone	4	174
Greenhorn limestone (lower part)
	Shale, calcareous, gray black	16	190

47. Log of test hole of Arthur Adams, in the SW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 2, T. 26 S., R. 27 W., Gray County. (Authority, owner.)		Thickness (feet)	Depth (feet)
Ogallala formation
	Soil, etc.	85	85
	Rock	6	91
	Sand, dry	6	97
	"Gyp" and sand	15	112
	Sand, fine, some gravel	53	165
	"Gyp"	5	170
	Sand and gyp	30	200
	Sand with water	5	205
	"Gyp" and sand	25	230
	Sand, medium to coarse	19	249
	Rock	1	250
	Sand, medium to coarse	15	265
	"Gyp"	5	270
	Clay	5	275
	Rock	11	286

T. 25 S. || T. 26 S. || T. 27 S. || T. 28 S. || T. 29 and 30 S.

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