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Geologic History of Kansas

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Appendices, continued

Appendix B--Catalog of Mesozoic Nomenclature for Kansas

Boldface--accepted by the Kansas Geological Survey (see Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin 89, 1951).
Unmarked lightface--names not used or yet recognized by the Kansas Geological Survey.
* Names abandoned or rejected by the Federal and Kansas Geological Surveys.
† Informal names, not acceptable for formal stratigraphic classification.
‡ Informal names not recognized by the Federal or Kansas Geological Surveys, therefore not listed in the Federal Geological Survey Lexicons: Bulletins 769 (Wilmarth, 1925), 896 (Wilmarth, 1938), 1056-A (Wilson, Sando, and Kopf, 1957), and 1056-B (Wilson, Keroher, and Hansen, 1959).
1 For references regarding names and dates see Wilmarth (1938).
2 It was impossible and impractical to list all of C. R. Keyes' proposed nomenclatural terms; a few are given as examples.
3 The new stratigraphic code (American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature, 1961) does not permit using adjectives in formal stratigraphic terms; the Kansas Survey uses Fairport Chalk.

*Arickaree Shale. F. W. Cragin, 18961
Comment: Rejected because of similarity with the established name Arikaree.
‡Barberian series. C. R. Keyes, 19402
Comment: Term proposed by Keyes; included Kiowa and Cheyenne.
Beecher Island Shale. M. K. Elias, 1931
Age and position: Gulfian, Campanian, uppermost of six members of Pierre Shale, Montana Group.
Description: Light-gray with greenish tinge, concretionary shale containing thin streaks of bentonite in lower part.
Thickness: About 100 feet.
Type locality: Beecher Island, Yuma County, northeastern Colorado.
*Belvidere Shale. R. T. Hill, 1895
Comment: Rejected term for the earlier proposed Kiowa; also proposed to include Kiowa and Cheyenne although not used.
Benton Shale. F. B. Meek and F. V. Hayden, 1862
Comment: Informally used in Kansas to include Graneros, Greenhorn, and Carlile.
†Bentonite marker bed.
Comment: Informal stratigraphic term for a recognizable bentonite bed in the Graneros Shale.
‡Bituminous shale. W. N. Logan, 1897
Comment: Rejected term for the earlier proposed Graneros.
Black Hill Shale. F. W. Cragin, 1885
Comment: Proposed name for part of the Kiowa, but not now used.
Blue Cut Shale. F. W. Cragin, 1895
Comment: Proposed name for part of the Kiowa, but not now used.
Blue Hill Shale. W. N. Logan, 1897
Age and position: Gulfian, Turonian, middle of three members of the Carlile Shale, Colorado Group.
Description: Dark-gray noncalcareous concretionary shale.
Thickness: From 50 to 160 feet.
Type locality: Blue Hills in Mitchell, Russell, and Republic Counties and Blue Hill Township, Mitchell County, Kansas.
Bridge Creek Limestone. N. W. Bass, 1926
Age and position: Gulfian, Turonian, upper member of Greenhorn where Pfeifer and Jetmore can not be distinguished, Colorado Group.
Description: Alternating limy shale and thin chalky limestone.
Thickness: About 74 feet.
Type locality: Bridge Creek, northwest of Medway, Hamilton County, Kansas.
Brookville terrane. C. R. Keyes, 1915
Comment: Not an accepted term.
Buckskinian series. C. R. Keyes, 1941
Comment: Not an accepted term.
†Cannon-ball zone. F. W. Cragin, 1896
Comment: Informal zone recognized in the Victoria Clay (same as Blue Hill Shale).
Carlile Shale. G. K. Gilbert, 1896
Age and position: Gulfian, Turonian, one of four formations composing the Colorado Group, subdivided into three members (Fairport, Blue Hill, and Codell).
Description: Chalky, bentonitic shale near base; black fissile concretionary shale in upper part containing a very fine grained sandstone at top.
Thickness: About 300 feet.
Type locality: Carlile Spring and Carlile Station about 21 miles west of Pueblo, Colorado.
Cawker terrane. C. R. Keyes, 1915
Comment: Not an accepted term.
†Champion shell bed. F. W. Cragin, 1895
Comment: An informal term applied to a prominent thin shell bed at base of the Kiowa.
Cheyenne Sandstone. F. W. Cragin, 1889
Age and position: Comanchean, Albian, lowest Cretaceous unit in Kansas; where present it is between Kiowa and Permian, Triassic, or Jurassic.
Description: Varicolored fine- to coarse-grained cross-bedded sandstone and dark-gray silty shale; conglomeratic zone at base.
Thickness: About 75 feet on the outcrop and a maximum of 300 feet in the subsurface.
Type locality: Cheyenne Rock, Belvidere, Kiowa County, Kansas.
Cockrum Sandstone. B. F. Latta, 1941
Age and position: Gulfian?, Cenomanian or Albian, used in Southwestern Kansas instead of Dakota.
Description: Varicolored ferruginous sandstone and light-colored shale.
Thickness: About 100 feet.
Type locality: Cockrum Branch of Bear Creek in southwestern Stanton County, Kansas.
Codell Sandstone. N. W. Bass, 1926
Age and position: Gulfian, Turonian, uppermost member of the Carlile Shale.
Description: Light-colored fine-grained silty sandstone.
Thickness: Ranges from 0 to 40 feet, but averages about 25.
Type locality: Bluffs along Saline Valley in Ellis County, Kansas, about 5 miles south and west of Codell.
Colorado Group. F. V. Hayden, 1876
Age and position: Gulfian, Cenomanian, Turonian, Coniacian, and early Stantonian; includes the Benton and Niobrara.
Description: Dark-gray shale, chalky limestone, bentonite, and silty sandstone.
Thickness: About 1,050 feet.
Type locality: Exposures along east side of Front Range in Colorado.
Comanchean Series. R. T. Hill, 1887
Age and position: Early Cretaceous including late Aptian, Albian, and earliest Cenomanian (earliest Late Cretaceous).
Description: Provincial series of nonmarine sandstone and marine shale.
Thickness: Average thickness about 250 feet.
Type locality: Comanche, Comanche County, Texas.
Comanche Peak. R. T. Hill, 1889
Comment: Texas term overextended into Kansas.
*Corral Sandstone. F. W. Cragin, 1895
Comment: Rejected as a local facies of the Cheyenne.
†Cruise Sandstone. C. W. Sternberg and A. J. Crowley, 1954 (first proposed in a paper given at the 1952 American Association of Petroleum Geologists annual meeting and shown in chart form by Boreing, 1953)
Comment: Subsurface term used for "J" sand or lower member of the Omadi Formation.
†"D" sand.
Comment: Informal subsurface letter designation for upper sand in the Gurley Member of the Omadi Formation.
*Dacotah beds. Robert Hay, 1885
Comment: Spelling rejected in favor of Dakota.
Dakota Formation. F. B. Meek and F. V. Hayden, 1862
Age and position: Gulfian?, Cenomanian?, includes beds between the Comanchean Kiowa Shale and Gulfian Graneros Shale. May be either Comanchean or Gulfian or both. Subdivided into Janssen and Terra Cotta Members. Originally proposed as a group term.
Description: Varicolored clay, silt, and shale containing lenticular sandstone layers and ironstone concretions.
Thickness: Between 100 and 300 feet.
Type locality: In hills back of Dakota, Dakota County, Nebraska.
Dakota Group. See Dakota Formation.
Dakota Sandstone. See Dakota Formation.
Dakotan series. See Dakota Formation.
Comment: A generally nonaccepted term of C. R. Keyes.
Dockum? Group. W. F. Cummins, 1890
Age and position: Upper Triassic, Panhandle of Texas and southeastern New Mexico, subdivided into Tecovas and Trujillo Formations.
Description: Redbeds.
Thickness: About 40 feet on the outcrop and maximum of 320 feet in the subsurface.
Type locality: Dockum, Dickens County, Texas.
*Downs Limestone. F. W. Cragin, 1896
Comment: Now called Fencepost Limestone.
*Elk Creek beds. F. W. Cragin, 1895
Comment: Discarded as being a local name for a major part of the Cheyenne.
*Elk River beds. See Elk Creek beds.
Comment: Name mentioned by Moore, Frye, and Jewett (1944), probably referring to Elk Creek beds; name not acceptable, as it is preempted.
Ellsworth Formation. R. C. Moore, 1935
Comment: Name appears on a chart (Moore, 1935a) with no explanation except that classification of Dakota beds is in doubt awaiting completion of studies by A. C. Tester; later the name appeared on the Geologic Map of Kansas (Moore and Landes, 1937); Plummer and Romary (1942) credit the name to Tester as appearing on Moore's chart.
Fairport [Chalky] Shale. W. W. Rubey, and N. W. Bass,
1925 3
Age and position: Gulfian, Turonian, lowest of three members of the Carlile Shale.
Description: Light-gray calcareous shale and thin chalk beds and thin bentonite seams.
Thickness: Averages about 125 feet.
Type locality: Exposures a few miles south and west of Fairport, Russell County, Kansas.
Fencepost Limestone. W. N. Logan, 1897
Comment: Name given to a thin limestone bed at top of Greenhorn, quarried for fence posts; also called "post limestone."
‡Ferruginous group. W. N. Logan, 1897
Comment: An informal term for the lower part of the Dakota, not acceptable for stratigraphic nomenclature.
‡Flagstone horizon. W. N. Logan, 1897
Comment: One of five units of the lower part of the Benton, now recognized as upper part of the Lincoln Limestone.
*Fort Benton Group. F. B. Meek and F. V. Hayden, 1862
Comment: A term used in early reports for what is now generally called Benton, see Benton Shale.
Fort Hays Limestone. S. W. Williston, 1893
Age and position: Gulfian, Coniacian, lower of two members of the Niobrara Formation, Colorado Group. Also has been called Hays Limestone.
Description: Light-gray thin to massive chalk or chalky limestone.
Thickness: Ranges from 40 to 90 feet.
Type locality: Fort Hays, Ellis County, Kansas.
*Fort Pierre Group. F. B. Meek and F. V. Hayden, 1862
Comment: Now termed simply Pierre.
Fullington Shale. F. W. Cragin, 1895
Comment: Term used for lower part of Kiowa, in turn subdivided into Black Hill and Blue Cut Shales.
Fuson Shale. N. H. Darton, 1901
Comment: Lower Cretaceous term used farther north and west and not applicable to Kansas.
†"G" sand.
Comment: Subsurface informal letter designation for lower sand in the Gurley Member of the Omadi.
Gove Chalk. C. R. Keyes, 1941
Comment: Nonaccepted term for Niobrara.
Graham jasper. F. W. Cragin, 1896
Comment: Bed of jasper near top of Niobrara Formation.
Graneros Shale. G. K. Gilbert, 1896
Age and position: Gulfian, Cenomanian, lowest formation of Colorado Group, overlies Dakota and underlies Greenhorn.
Description: Dark-gray clayey fissile noncalcareous shale.
Thickness: About 45 feet.
Type locality: Name suggested by R. C. Hills; named for Graneros Creek, Pueblo County, Colorado.
Greenhorn Limestone. G. K. Gilbert, 1896
Age and position: Gulfian, Cenomanian and Turonian, one of four formations of Colorado Group, subdivided into four members, contains Fencepost Limestone, sugar sand, and shell-rock limestone.
Description: Light-gray interbedded chalky limestone and calcareous shale and some thin bentonite beds.
Thickness: About 100 feet.
Type locality: Greenhorn Station, 14 miles south of Pueblo, Colorado, and Greenhorn Creek.
*Greenleaf Sandstone. C. N. Gould, 1898
Comment: Local bed in the Kiowa.
Gulfian Series. R. T. Hill, 1887
Age and position: Late Cretaceous including late Cenomanian, Turonian, and Senonian. The boundaries between Early and Late and between Comanchean and Gulfian do not coincide exactly, but term is used more or less synonymously with Late Cretaceous.
Description: Provincial series of predominantly marine deposits.
Thickness: About 2,500 feet.
Type locality: Gulf Plain of the Gulf of Mexico.
†Gurley Sandstone. G. W. Sternberg and A. J. Crowley,
1954 (see Cruise Sandstone)
Comment: Subsurface term used for upper member ("D" and "G" sands) of the Omadi Formation.
‡Gypsiferous horizon. W. N. Logan, 1897
Comment: Upper of three units of the upper part (Saliferous group) of the Dakota.
Hartland Shale. N. W. Bass, 1926
Age and position: Gulfian, late Cenomanian, one of four members of the Greenhorn.
Description: Gray chalky bentonitic shale.
Thickness: About 30 feet.
Type locality: Exposures along Arkansas River a short distance west of Hartland, Kearny County, to Kendall, Hamilton County, Kansas.
*Hays Limestone. See Fort Hays Limestone.
‡Hesperornis beds. S. W. Williston, 1897
Comment: Paleontological zone in the Niobrara, not applicable as a stratigraphic name.
‡Hodgeman Shale. R. C. Moore, 1935
Comment: Name appears on a rock chart with no explanation but is indicated to apply to the lower unit of Solomon Formation.
†Huntsman Shale. C. W. Sternberg and A. J. Crowley, 1954 (see Cruise Sandstone)
Comment: A subsurface term for the shale unit between the "D" and "G" sands and the "J" sand.
*Inoceramus beds. C. A. White, 1870
Comment: Paleontological name applied to the Niobrara.
‡Inoceramus horizon. W. N. Logan, 1897
Comment: Paleontological name for one of five units recognized in the lower Benton, also known as the shell rock; part of Greenhorn.
†"J" sand.
Comment: Letter designation informally used for a subsurface unit known as Cruise Member of the Omadi.
Janssen Clay. Norman Plummer and J. F. Romary, 1942
Age and position: Age is questionably Gulfian or Comanchean. It occurs beneath Graneros and above Terra Cotta (lower member of the Dakota Formation).
Description: Clay, silt, and fissile shale containing lenticular sandstone and lignite.
Thickness: From 30 to 80 feet.
Type locality: Janssen Station, Ellsworth County, Kansas.
Jetmore Chalk. W. W. Rubey and N. W. Bass, 1925
Age and position: Gulfian, Turonian, one of four members of the Greenhorn, Colorado Group.
Description: Light-gray chalky shale and chalky limestone.
Thickness: About 22 feet.
Type locality: Exposures south and east of Jetmore along south side of Buckner Creek, Hodgeman County, Kansas.
Kent bed. F. W. Cragin, 1895
Comment: A once-used name for a local bed.
Kiowa Shale. F. W. Cragin, 1894
Age and position: Comanchean, Albian, upper of two Lower Cretaceous formations, contains Champion shell bed.
Description: Light-gray to black fissile fossiliferous shale.
Thickness: Typically from 60 to 150 feet.
Type locality: Kiowa County, Kansas.
*Kirby clay. C. N. Gould, 1898
Comment: One of four members of the Medicine beds, now part of the Kiowa and Dakota.
Lake Creek Shale. M. K. Elias, 1931
Age and position: Gulfian, Campanian, one of six members of the Pierre, Montana Group.
Description: Dark-gray concretionary shale.
Thickness: About 200 feet.
Type locality: Lake Creek in northwestern Wallace County, Kansas.
Lakota Sandstone. N. H. Darton, 1899
Comment: A term for Lower Cretaceous beds used north and west of Kansas.
*Lanphier beds. F. W. Cragin, 1895
Comment: Discarded as being a local facies of the Cheyenne.
‡Lignite horizon. W. N. Logan, 1897
Comment: Lowest of three units of the Saliferous (upper) Dakota.
Lincoln Limestone. W. N. Logan, 1897, emend. W. W. Rubey and N. W. Bass, 1925
Age and position: Gulfian, Cenomanian, lowest of four members of the Greenhorn, Colorado Group.
Description: Light-gray chalky shale and chalky limestone.
Thickness: Average 28 feet.
Type locality: Lincoln, Lincoln County, Kansas.
*Lincoln Marble. See Lincoln Limestone.
*Lisbon Shale. F. W. Cragin, 1896
Comment: Preoccupied and same as the older name, Pierre.
‡Lower group. W. N. Logan, 1897
Comment: A nonusable name including Graneros and Greenhorn.
†Lucina limestone. M. K. Elias, 1931
Comment: Informal paleontological name for local zone in Pierre.
†"M" sand.
Comment: An informal subsurface letter designation for one of many sand bodies in the Lakota or Cloverly or Cheyenne.
Marquette Member. W. H. Twenhofel, 1924
Comment: Upper of three units of the Belvidere designating an occurrence of fossils.
*Medicine beds. C. N. Gould, 1898
Comment: Includes upper Kiowa and lower Dakota, divided into three units; discarded as a name for a local facies without stratigraphic value.
Mentor Formation. F. W. Cragin, 1895
Comment: Corresponds to different stratigraphic sections depending on different definitions and restrictions; Lower Cretaceous,
Montana Group. G. H. Eldridge, 1888
Age and position: Gulfian, Senonian, contains two, three, or four formations depending on area; only lower unit present in Kansas.
Description: Composed mainly of shale and sandstone.
Thickness: Ranges from 1,000 to 1,600 feet.
Type locality: Extensive development in Montana, especially in upper Missouri River region.
Morrison Formation. G. H. Eldridge in Emmons, Cross, and Eldridge, 1896; emend. Waldschmidt and LeRoy, 1944
Age and position: Late Jurassic, present in Kansas subsurface only between overlying Cretaceous and underlying Permian or Triassic.
Description: Varicolored, predominantly greenish, shale and some sandstone, anhydrite, and pink chert.
Thickness: Ranges to 350 feet.
Type locality: just north of Morrison, Colorado.
Natural Corral Member. W. H. Twenhofel, 1924
Comment: Lower of three units of the Belvidere designating a fossil occurrence.
Niobrara Chalk. See Niobrara Formation.
Niobrara Formation. F. B. Meek and F. V. Hayden, 1862
Age and position: Gulfian, Coniacian and Santonian, upper formation of four in the Colorado Group, subdivided into two members. Once it had group status, but was deemed more appropriate as a formation.
Description: Light-gray soft calcareous shale and chalk.
Thickness: Averages about 600 feet.
Type locality: Along Missouri River near mouth of Niobrara River, Knox County, Nebraska.
Niobrara Group. See Niobrara Formation.
Niobrara Limestone. See Niobrara Formation.
*Norton zone. F. W. Cragin, 1896
Comment: Middle part of the Smoky Hill.
†"O" sand.
Comment: Informal letter designation for one of the many sands in the Lakota or Cloverly or Cheyenne.
Omadi Formation. G. E. Condra and E. C. Reed, 1943
Comment: The Omadi Formation (or Sandstone) is approximately equivalent to the Dakota Formation; overlain by Graneros and underlain by Kiowa or Skull Creek; subdivided into the Gurley, Huntsman, and Cruise (or "D," "G," and "J" sands). The term has not been generally accepted, although applicable, especially in the subsurface of central and western Kansas.
‡Ornithostoma beds. S. W. Williston, 1897
Comment: Proposed new name for Pteranodon beds as Pteranodon is a synonym for Ornithostoma; this is a good example of the impracticability of applying paleontological names to stratigraphic units.
*Osborne Limestone. F. W. Cragin, 1896
Comment: Same as Fort Hays, a better-established name.
*Ostrea shales. W. N. Logan, 1897
Comment: Paleontological name applied in early reports to beds now known as Fairport.
Pete terrane. C. R. Keyes, 1915
Comment: An inept name for part of the Dakota.
Pfeifer Shale. N. W. Bass, 1926
Age and position: Gulfian, Turonian, upper member of the Greenhorn, contains the Fencepost Limestone bed at top.
Description: Light-gray interbedded calcareous shale and chalky limestone.
Thickness: About 20 feet.
Type locality: Exposures 2V2 miles northwest of Pfeifer, Ellis County, Kansas.
Pierre Shale. F. B. Meek and F. V. Hayden, 1862
Age and position: Gulfian, Campanian and Maestrichtian, Montana Group, subdivided into six members.
Description: Dark-gray to black concretionary shale.
Thickness: Ranges to about 1,600 feet.
Type locality: Exposures at old Fort Pierre in either Stanley or Hughes County, South Dakota.
†Post limestone. See Fencepost Limestone.
*Pteranodon beds. W. N. Logan, 1897
Comment: Paleontological name formerly applied to Smoky Hill.
Purgatoire Formation. G. W. Stose, 1912
Comment: Includes Kiowa and Cheyenne; more appropriately used south and west of Kansas.
†"R" sand.
Comment: One of many sands in the Lakota or Cloverly or Cheyenne referred to by informal letter designation.
Rawlinsian series. C. R. Keyes, 1941
Comment: A nonused term.
*Reeder Sandstone. F. W. Cragin, 1895
Comment: Term used for part of the Dakota.
Rocktown [channel] Sandstone. W. W. Rubey and N. W. Bass, 1925
Comment: A discontinuous sandstone body in the Dakota.
"Rudistes beds. S. W. Williston, 1897
Comment: Paleontological name applied to the upper Pteranodon (Smoky Hill beds).
*Russell Formation. F. W. Cragin, 1896
Comment: Old term including Greenhorn and Fairport.
‡Saliferous shale group. W. N. Logan, 1897
Comment: Upper of two parts of the Dakota.
Saline Valley Shale. D. E. Hattin, 1962
Comment: Hattin proposed the following changes in classification of the Carlile: (1) Fairport be elevated to formation, (2) Blue Hill be redefined to include all beds between Fairport and Fort Hays and elevated to formational status, (3) Codell be retained as a member of the Blue Hill, (4) Saline Valley be applied to the lower division of the Blue Hill, and (5) Carlile be elevated to subgroup rank.
Salt Grass Shale. M. K. Elias, 1931
Age and position: Gulfian, Campanian, one of six members of the Pierre.
Description: Gray clayey shale.
Thickness: About 60 feet.
Type locality: Salt Grass Canyon, southern tributary of Goose Creek, Wallace County, Kansas.
‡Salt Marsh horizon. W. N. Logan, 1897
Comment: Middle of three units of the Saliferous (upper Dakota).
Sharon Springs Shale. M. K. Elias, 1931
Age and position: Gulfian, Campanian, lowest of six members of the Pierre, Montana Group.
Description: Black flaky shale.
Thickness: About 155 feet.
Type locality: Sharon Springs, Wallace County, Kansas.
†Shell-rock limestone. See Greenhorn Limestone.
Comment: An informal name for limestone bed at top of Jetmore.
Skull Creek Shale. A. J. Collier, 1922
Comment: Lithologic equivalent to the Kiowa farther north and west of Kansas.
Smoky Hill Chalk. F. W. Cragin, 1896
Age and position: Gulfian, Coniacian and Santonian, upper member of the Niobrara, Colorado Group.
Description: Gray chalky shale containing limonitic concretions and bentonite; locally forms massive chalk beds.
Thickness: About 550 feet.
Type locality: Smoky Hill River, Kansas.
‡Solomon Formation. R. C. Moore, 1935
Comment: Shown on chart as upper formation, containing two members, of Dakota Group.
*Spring Creek Clays. C. N. Gould, 1898
Comment: Basal unit of the Medicine beds.
*Stokes Sandstone. F. W. Cragin, 1895
Comment: Upper unit of Elk Creek beds, which were upper unit of Cheyenne; discarded name for local beds in Cheyenne.
Stokes Hill Sandstone. W. H. Twenhofel, 1924
Comment: Stokes Hill used instead of Cragin's term Stokes.
†Sugar sand. See Greenhorn Limestone.
Comment: Informal reference to a granular bed in Greenhorn (Pfeifer).
Sundance Formation. N. H. Darton, 1899
Comment: Term used mainly north and west of Kansas; part of Jurassic beds in Kansas may be equivalent to part of Sundance.
†"T" sand.
Comment: One of many subsurface sands informally referred to the Lakota or Cloverly or Cheyenne.
Terra Cotta Clay. R. C. Moore, 1935; def. Norman Plummer and J. F. Romary, 1942
Age and position: Age is questionably Gulfian or Comanchean. It occurs beneath the Janssen (upper member of the Dakota) and above the Kiowa. Moore also showed the name on charts in 1935 and 1940.
Description: Varicolored interbedded clay, shale, and siltstone, and lenticular sandstone.
Thickness: Ranges from 70 to 220 feet.
Type locality: Terra Cotta school district, north of the abandoned village of Terra Cotta, Ellsworth County, Kansas.
*Trego zone. F. W. Cragin, 1896
Comment: Lower part of the Smoky Hill.
Trinity Sandstone. R. T. Hill, 1888
Comment: A Texas term that was extended into Kansas.
*Tucumcari beds. W. F. Cummins, 1892
Comment: Correlated with upper part of the Belvidere, which corresponds to upper part of Kiowa and lower part of Dakota.
Unnamed Member. M. K. Elias, 1931
Comment: One of six members of the Pierre, Montana Group, composed of gray to black shale 500 to 600 feet thick. Needs proper stratigraphic designation for recognition.
‡Upper group. W. N. Logan, 1897
Comment: A nonusable name for Carlile.
Victoria Clay. F. W. Cragin, 1896
Comment: An abandoned term for Blue Hill and Codell.
*Victoria Formation. See Victoria Clay.
*Wafer Shale. F. W. Crag'n, 1895
Comment: Another term for Black Hill.
*Walker beds. F. W. Cragin, 1895
Comment: Substitute for Belvidere, which included Cheyenne and Kiowa.
Wallace Shale. C. R. Keyes, 1941
Comment: A nonused term.
Weskan Shale. M. K. Elias, 1931
Age and position: Gulfian, Campanian, one of six members of the Pierre, Montana Group.
Description: Gray clayey shale.
Thickness: About 170 feet.
Type locality: Five miles north of Weskan, Wallace County, Kansas.
Windom Member. W. H. Twenhofel, 1924
Comment: Middle of three units of the Belvidere designating occurrence of fossils.
Wiskanian series. C. R. Keyes, 1941
Comment: A nonused term.
†"X" bentonite bed.
Comment: Same bed as the Bentonite marker bed.

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Kansas Geological Survey, Geologic History of Kansas
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