---

Start
Contents
Introduction
Stratigraphy
Mineralogy
Paleontology
Paleoecology
Paleosedimentation
Diagenesis
History
Conclusions
References
Sections

Prev Page--References

---

Appendix

Descriptions of Sampled Red Eagle Cyclothem Sections

Bennet Section.--NE sec. 11, T. 8 N., R. 8 E. In south cut bank of Little Nemaha River, 1/2 mile southeast of Bennet, Lancaster County, Nebraska (Fig. 7).
Sample			Thickness, feet
Soil
Roca Shale
		1. Limestone, light yellowish to brownish gray, argillaceous, traces of random clear calcite flecks	1.0
		2. Mudstone, light gray and greenish gray with yellowish mottling, silty, calcareous, moderately laminated	2.0
		3. Mudstone, brick red, calcareous, moderately laminated	1.0
		4. Shale, light gray with pale-maroon tint, moderately to well laminated, slightly calcareous, compact	1.0
		5. Shale, light gray, slightly calcareous, compact, well to moderately laminated, traces of small tan calcareous shell? fragments	1.0
		6. Limestone, light brownish gray, aphanitic, hard, traces of medium to fine clear calcite crystals in veinlets or in random blebs, very rare ostracodes	1.7
		7. Shale, light gray, silty, slightly calcareous, moderately to well laminated, rare ostracodes	1.7
		8. Shale, light gray with greenish tint, calcareous, well laminated, traces of buff frail gastropod? fragments	1.0
Thickness Roca Shale exposed			9.6
Red Eagle Limestone
	Howe Limestone Member
		9. Limestone, light to medium brownish-gray, aphanitic, rare large vugs, some pinpoint porosity in lower 1.0 foot, thick bedded	3.0
	Bennett Shale Member
		10. Shale, medium to light gray, traces of yellowish mottling, moderately to slightly calcareous, compact, moderately to well laminated	1.0
		11. Mudstone, light yellowish rusty gray, calcareous, poorly to moderately laminated, compact	1.0
		12. Mudstone, buff, probably weathered from medium to light gray, calcareous, moderately to poorly laminated, trace of pale-rusty yellowish mottling	1.0
		13. Limestone, light brownish gray, muddy, resistant, hard, traces of flecks of dark-brown (possible bituminous or plant) material	1.0
		14. Mudstone, argillaceous calcilutite, aphanitic, similar to above, trace of dark-brown flecks in light-yellowish-gray mottled matrix, microgranular, trace of fish teeth and small shell fragments	0.5
		15. Shale, medium to dark gray, compact, well laminated, slightly calcareous, traces of frail shell fragments and black threadlike plant remains	1.5
		16. Mudstone, light gray, calcareous, some rusty-yellow mottling, compact, poorly laminated	1.0
		17. Shale, dark gray, well laminated, complete Orbiculoidea with fragments	1.0
Thickness Bennett Shale Member			8.0
	Glenrock Limestone Member
		18. Limestone, light brown to grayish green, aphanitic matrix for common fusulinids, hard, massive, trace of brachiopod fragments, rare flecks of brown bituminous material, upper 0.2 feet has patches of muddy gray material suggestive of Bennett shale; lower 0.5-foot free of fusulinids but contains common brachiopods, foraminifers, and ostracodes	1.0
		19. Limestone, medium to light brownish gray, aphanitic to microgranular faint undulatory (algae?) laminations, undulatory base and top, very hard	0.5
Thickness Glenrock Llmestone Member			1.5
Thickness Red Eagle Limestone			12.5
Johnson Shale
		20. Shale, medium gray, some light greenish gray, well laminated	2.0
		21. Shale, light greenish gray, calcareous	1.0
		22. Claystone, light gray to bluish gray, slightly calcareous, poorly to moderately laminated	1.0
		23. Shale, light bluish gray, calcareous, moderately laminated	1.0
		24. Mudstone, light gray, calcareous, poorly to moderately laminated	2.0
		25. Shale, light gray to olive green in places, calcareous, soft, well laminated	0.8
		26. Mudstone, brick red, calcareous	0.5
		27. Shale, light greenish gray, calcareous, moderately laminated; 0.1-foot brick-red shale 0.5 foot above base	1.7
		28. Siltstone, light gray, very finely and evenly laminated, resistant, platy debris, slightly calcareous, grades downward to similar silty shale in lower 0.5 foot and to shale as below	1.0
		29. Shale, light gray to brownish gray, moderately to very well laminated as above, slightly calcareous, traces of foraminifers, snails, and fish teeth	1.0
		30. Limestone, shaly, medium gray, weathers light yellowish gray to light brownish gray, moderately to well laminated, slightly calcareous, slightly silty along laminae; 0.3 foot lens of aphanitic argillaceous medium-gray limestone 1.0 foot from base	2.5
		31. Shale, light brownish gray, similar to above, slightly silty	1.1
Thickness Johnson Shale			15.6
Foraker Limestone
	Long Creek Limestone Member
		32. Limestone, argillaceous to coquinoid, medium to light gray; exposed	2.0

Figure 7.--Columnar section, insoluble residues, and fossils of the Bennet section. An Acrobat PDF version of this figure is available.

Johnson Section.--NW NE sec. 6, T. 5 N., R. 13 E. in west bank of creek, 1 1/4 miles north of Johnson, Nemaha County, Nebraska (Fig. 8).
Sample			Thickness, feet
Soil
Red Eagle Limestone
	Bennett Shale Member
		1. Shale, dark gray, weathers buff, well laminated, fish teeth, Orbiculoidea; exposed	2.0
	Glenrock Limestone Member
		2. Limestone, light brownish gray, aphanitic matrix for abundant fusulinds, oatmealy, subcoquinoid-calcarenitic texture	1.0
Thickness Red Eagle Limestone exposed			3.0
Johnson Shale
		3. Shale, light buff, weathered from medium gray, calcareous, slightly silty, moderately laminated, trace mica? and minute brown flecks of phosphatic material, possibly vague ripple marks, fairly hard	0.5
		4. Shale, similar to above, trace of brown phosphatic tooth remain, common plain ostracodes along coarser textured laminae or very thin beds	0.5
		5. Shale, similar to above	0.5
		6. Limestone, medium to light brownish gray with some pale-rusty-yellow stain, slightly resistant, argillaceous, aphanitic matrix for ostracodes, possible linear algae	0.5
		7. Mudstone, light greenish gray, calcareous, silty, blocky debris, more resistant than below	1.0
		8. Mudstone, light olive green to gray calcareous, similar to above, traces of possible plant remains, not laminated	1.0
		9. Mudstone, light greenish gray, moderately laminated, calcareous, rare very fine grains of tan CaCO3, less resistant than 7 and 8	1.0
		10. Shale, laminated, medium greenish gray, clayey laminae alternate with off-white, marly laminae; all laminae are lenticular on a very minute scale, calcareous, and more resistant than beds above and below	0.3
		11. Shale, light olive green to gray, moderately laminated, compact	0.7
		12. Shale, light yellowish green to gray, calcareous, moderately to poorly laminated; some mudstone	0.3
		13. Mudstone, light greenish gray with yellowish cast, calcareous, fairly resistant	1.0
		14. Mudstone, similar to above but lighter greenish gray, calcareous	1.0
		15. Mudstone, medium to light olive green, not calcareous, fairly resistant, compact, olive tint modified by limonite	1.0
		16. Shale, light greenish gray, calcareous, (similar to 14), poor wavy laminae, varies to mudstone	1.0
		17. Mudstone, medium olive green, somewhat calcareous, random rusty flecks	0.8
		18. Limestone, light brownish gray, very argillaceous, laminated, varies to limy shale, some laminae are pure tan CaCO3	0.1
		19. Mudstone, medium gray, calcareous, some rare vague laminae, blocky debris	1.0
		20. Mudstone, medium greenish gray, very calcareous, nodular weathering	1.0
		21. Mudstone, light greenish gray with pale yellowish tint, calcareous, nodular, soft to hard where nodular	1.0
		22. Mudstone, light greenish gray, somewhat chalky	1.0
		23. Mudstone, similar to above, varies to very light greenish buff	1.0
		24. Mudstone and shale, variegated, very light green, pink, and buff, calcareous	0.8
Thickness Johnson Shale			17.0

Figure 8.--Columnar section, insoluble residues, and fossils of the Johnson section. An Acrobat PDF version of this figure is available.

Pawnee Section.--C NW NW sec. 11, T. 1 N., R. 10 E. In south bank of West Branch Creek, 100 yards from small bridge, Pawnee County, Nebraska (Fig. 9).
Sample			Thickness, feet
Roca Shale
		1. Shale, medium to light gray, and greenish gray, slightly silty, rare rusty mottling, poorly laminated, varies to mudstone	1.5
		2. Shale, light greenish gray, slightly silty, varies to mudstone, random crude light-gray argillaceous limestone boxwork	1.5
		3. Limestone, light greenish gray, argillaceous, grades to shale above, top undulatory (2 inches relief)	1.5
		4. Siltstone, light greenish gray, argillaceous	0.5
		5. Siltstone, brick red, argillaceous, varies to mudstone, slightly calcareous, small blocky debris	1.5
		6. Shale, light gray to light greenish gray, calcareous, poorly laminated, varies to calcareous mudstone, trace of fossils, sinistrally coiled high-spired smooth-shelled gastropod fragments	0.2
		7. Limestone, light gray, to very light brownish gray, argillaceous, laminated, flaky	0.2
		8-9. Limestone, light brownish gray, with horizontal small discontinuous medium- to light-gray, streaks, vugs rare, trace of MnO2 dendrites, sublithographic to microcrystalline, hard, even textured, massive, thick to medium bedded, bedding planes undulatory (3 inches) to even, traces of crack fillings at base recorded on overturned slumped block, weathers light gray to buff	2.0
		10. Shale, very light greenish gray, finely silty, clayey, varies to calcareous mudstone, slightly calcareous	0.05
		11. Shale, very light greenish gray, finely silty, calcareous, well to poorly laminated, varies to calcareous mudstone, somewhat blocky, more resistant than below	0.55
		12. Mudstone, very light greenish gray, soft, calcareous, trace of mica?	1.9
		13. Shale, brownish gray, silty, well laminated, trace of mica along laminae, not calcareous, compact, gray to rusty along some laminae	1.5
		14. Claystone, light greenish gray, calcareous, compact, uncommon vague laminae, trace of very fine silt, varies to mudstone	1.0
		15. Claystone, very light greenish gray, calcareous, compact, poor uncommon laminae, similar in general appearance to above	1.0
		Covered	3.1
Thickness Roca Shale			18.0
Red Eagle Limestone
	Howe Limestone Member
		16. Limestone, light gray and greenish gray, microcrystalline, hard, slightly argillaceous, varies at random to clayey compact clay-filled vugs and pits, very irregular boundary, fairly resistant	1.0
		17. Limestone, light rusty gray to buff, very calcilutaceous to very finely silty, badly decayed, soft, little resistance to erosion, vaguely laminated in places	4.0
Thickness Howe Limestone Member			5.0
	Bennett Shale Member
		18. Siltstone, very light gray to buff or yellowish gray, slightly to moderately calcareous, very fine to fine, grades into above	1.0
		19. Shale, medium to light brownish gray, calcareous, moderate to good fissility, contains many calcareous fossil fragments (brachiopods, Orbiculoidea, productid spines) oriented roughly parallel to fissility, trace of interstitial dark-gray MnO2, transitional between 18 and 20	0.1
		20. Shale, very dark gray, moderately laminated, varies to mudstone, very slightly calcareous, varies to noncalcareous, trace of Orbiculoidea, compact	0.5
		21. Shale, similar to 19, many brachiopod fragments, Crurithyris, productid spines	0.5
		22. Shale, medium to dark gray and brownish gray, moderately laminated, slightly calcareous, compact, weathers to medium brownish gray	0.5
		23. Shale, similar to above, moderately to well laminated, silt-size fragments of dark-brown corneous fossil remains (Orbiculoidea or fish fragments?), compact	0.5
		24. Shale, very dark gray, compact, noncalcareous to very slightly calcareous, well laminated to moderately laminated	1.0
		25. Shale, medium gray, calcareous, well laminated, large calcareous brachiopod fragments parallel to laminae, traces of dark-brown corneous fossil fragments	0.5
		26. Shale, medium to dark gray, calcareous, emits fetid odor when attacked by HCl, well laminated, rare traces of brachiopod fragments (Crurithyris)	0.5
		27. Shale, medium to dark gray, calcareous, similar to above but lacking visible fossils, well laminated, moderately fissile, compact, Orbiculoidea and Lingula fragments occur in the basal 1/4 inch	0.5
Thickness Bennett Shale Member			5.6
	Glenrock Limestone Member
		28. Limestone, medium to light gray and brownish gray, very finely granular to very finely crystalline matrix, very fossiliferous, common fusulinids especially in upper 0.6 foot, brachiopod fragments and lesser foraminifers, hard, compact, trace of pyrite in fusulinids, a single massive bed, locally top 0.2 foot penetrated by tubes of dark-gray calcareous mud from Bennett Shale above, upper 0.1 foot undulatory with abrupt gradation upward to dark-gray calcareous tubes (containing fusulinids and Orbiculoidea fragments) in random pattern suggesting worm trails, random lumps and small accumulations of fusulinid-bearing lime mash material associated with the dark mud, rare larger brachiopods (Linoproductus?), smaller tubes of medium-gray silty material in dark mud suggest small worm activity, lower 0.3 foot contains identified foraminifers Tolypammina, Ammovertella, and Tetrataxis; nearby outcrops have only shallow penetrating tubes but transition to Bennett mud is abrupt	0.7 to 1.0
		29. Limestone, medium to light gray and brownish gray, abundant brachiopod fragments and common lesser foraminifers in very fine crystalline matrix, brachiopods coated with algal? CaCO3, rough random orientation of shells parallel to bedding, base roughly parallels bedding planes, varies to silty limestone and calcareous siltstone with small brachiopod and foraminifer fragments; a local feature occurring in lenticular masses up to 2 inches thick which seem to have grown as small lumps on the Johnson and over which the Glenrock was deposited, thus contributing to the undulatory base of the Glenrock	0 to 0.2
Thickness Red Eagle Limestone approximately			11.5
Johnson Shale
		30. Shale, medium gray, very finely silty, calcareous, faint trace of glossy carbonaceous plant remains, moderately to poorly laminated, varies to mudstone, crudely defined clay-filled tubes suggest worm burrows, trace of mudstone pebble breccia, trace of ostracodes	0.4
		31. Mudstone, medium gray with flecks of lighter gray varies to clay granule conglomerate, calcareous flattish claystone granules roughly parallel to bedding planes, finely silty, calcareous, rare traces of pyrite, rare traces of carbonaceous remains, compact	0.5 to 0.7
		32. Siltstone and mudstone, medium to light gray, some microbrecclation, moderately to well laminated, compact; paper-thin laminae are light gray, calcareous, massive; lower 1.0 foot is well laminated and weathers to tough brittle plates and slabs up to 1 inch thick (platestone)	3.5
		33. Siltstone, light greenish gray, even textured, weathers to irregular lumps of crude blocky shape, slightly calcareous	1.0
		34. Mudstone, medium gray, trace of dark-gray flecks, even textured, weathers somewhat blocky in upper part, lower 0.5 foot poorly laminated, calcareous	1.0
		35. Limestone, light gray, microgranular to aphanitic, somewhat argillaceous, massive, uniform, varies to somewhat nodular	1.0
		36. Shale, medium to light greenish gray faint trace of very fine sand, calcareous, poorly laminated or crudely bedded in places, but usually even textured, weathers to crude blocky debris	0.5
		37. Siltstone, light greenish gray, argillaceous, faint trace of very fine sand, calcareous, crudely laminated	3.0
		38. Siltstone, as above but varies to light greenish buff, weathers light brownish gray	2.0
		39. Siltstone, as above but softer and lacks laminae, calcareous	2.0
Thickness Johnson Shale approximately			15.0

Figure 9.--Columnar section, insoluble residues, and fossils of the Pawnee section. An Acrobat PDF version of this figure is available.

Humboldt Section.--SE SE sec. 16, T. 1 N., R. 13 E. West side of road cut in crest of small hill in Richardson County, Nebraska (Fig. 10).
Sample			Thickness, feet
Red Eagle Limestone
	Bennett Shale Member
		1. Shale, dark to medium brownish gray, calcareous, well laminated, emits fetid odor when attacked by HCl	0.5
		2. Shale, medium brownish gray calcareous, well laminated, trace of Orbiculoidea fragments, compact, similar to above	0.5
		3. Shale, dark to medium gray and brownish gray, traces of yellowish to buff weathering, compact, contains thin Orbiculoidea coquina layer (shell fragments are flattened and crushed along the laminae) but otherwise free of fossils	0.8
		4. Shale, medium to dark brownish gray, calcareous, well laminated, contains Lingula and Orbiculoidea well preserved and slightly flattened	0.7
Thickness Bennett Shale Member exposed			2.5
	Glenrock Limestone Member
		5. Limestone, medium grayish brown, hard, aphanitic matrix for abundant fusulinids and brachiopod fragments, trace of yellow iron stain, rusty-brown weathering, single massive bed, ledge-former, undulatory base (relief 0.1)	0.9
Thickness Red Eagle Limestone exposed			3.4
Johnson Shale
		6. Shale, light yellowish brown, calcareous, well laminated, compact	0.5
		7. Limestone, boxwork, light yellowish brown, very clayey, randomly pitted	1.0
		8. Limestone, very light gray to brownish yellowish gray, very argillaceous and silty, poorly laminated in upper 0.5 foot grading downward to massive, even textured, hard, resistant	1.0
		9. Shale, very light gray, very calcareous, silty, moderately to well laminated, grades downward to more resistant moderately to poorly laminated mudstone and shale	2.0
		10. Mudstone, very light greenish gray with slight yellowish-brown tint, silty, calcareous, moderately to poorly laminated, fairly massive, soft	3.5
		11. Shale, light greenish gray, silty, calcareous, well laminated	0.5
		12. Limestone, very light greenish gray, poorly laminated, very muddy	0.5
Thickness Johnson Shale exposed			9.0

Figure 10.--Columnar section, insoluble residues, and fossils of the Humboldt section. An Acrobat PDF version of this figure is available.

Frankfort Section.--NE NW sec. 21, T. 4 S., R. 9 E. In west side of Kansas Highway 99 road cut south of railroad, 1/4 mile south of Frankfort, Marshall County, Kansas (Fig. 11).
Sample			Thickness, feet
Red Eagle Limestone
	Howe Limestone Member
		1. Limestone, medium to light brown and brownish gray, fine to microcrystalline where intact, badly decayed and pitted, much recrystallized with traces of opaline silica; lower 0.2 foot is a light-yellowish-gray, porous, soft, clayey, microcrystalline limestone with much leached-oolite type of porosity; ghosts of fossils (foraminifers, high-spired gastropods)	1.3
	Bennett Shale Member
		Covered	1.5
		2. Shale, medium to dark gray, weathers to light brownish gray, well laminated, traces of Orbiculoidea fragments, rare trace of carbonaceous remains	2.0
		3. Shale, medium to light brownish gray with yellowish clayey mottling, poorly to well laminated, common Orbiculoidea fragments, calcareous, soft
Thickness Bennett Shale Member			3.7
	Glenrock Limestone Member
		4. Limestone, medium to light gray and brownish gray, some limonitic yellow stain, hard, microgranular matrix for abundant fusulinids and rare brachiopods in upper 0.5 foot, rare larger brachiopods (Composita?), middle 0.5 foot has few fusulinids but contains common brachiopod fragments in aphanitic to microgranular light- to very light-brown matrix, lower 0.7 foot similarly rich in smaller brachiopod fragments but matrix is light brown and aphanitic, several kinds of foraminifers, tiny snails and ostracodes, trace of limonite	1.8
Thickness Red Eagle Limestone			6.8
Johnson Shale
		5. Shale, clayey, medium brown, moderately laminated, calcareous, traces of (plant?) carbonaceous remains, compact	0.5
		6. Limestone, very light gray to brownish gray, argillaceous, varies to very calcareous mudstone, moderately laminated	1.0
		7. Shale, similar to above, calcareous, occasional CaCO3 seams or stringers, well laminated	1.4
		8. Shale, medium brownish gray, silty, calcareous, mostly weathers to buff, well laminated, tough and brittle, ostracodes and small brachiopod fragments common, fossils oriented parallel to laminae	0.6
		9. Limestone, medium to light gray, very finely silty, microgranular to microcrystalline, well laminated, platy and flaggy debris, platestone, weathers to light brownish gray	1.0
		10. Shale, light yellowish gray, calcareous, moderately laminated, silty, debris somewhat blocky	1.0
		11. Shale, light to medium greenish gray with rusty mottling, some shale pebble breccia with rusty-weathering granules in shale matrix, compact, calcareous	1.1
		12. Shale, light greenish gray with some rusty-yellow clay mottling, well to poorly laminated, varies to mudstone, calcareous	0.9
		13. Mudstone, medium to light greenish gray, vaguely laminated, blocky irregular debris	0.5
		14. Shale, varies to mudstone, very light gray to greenish gray, rare trace of very fine sand grains at random, calcareous, poorly laminated	2.0
Thickness Johnson Shale exposed			10.0

Figure 11.--Columnar section, insoluble residues, and fossils of the Frankfort section. An Acrobat PDF version of this figure is available.

Manhattan Section.--NE sec. 7, T. 10 S., R. 8 E. In west bank of road cut on Kansas Highway 13 near northeastern outskirts of Manhattan along northeast side of Bluemont Hill, Manhattan, Riley County, Kansas (Fig. 12).
Sample			Thickness, feet
Roca Shale
		1. Shale, light greenish gray, varies to mudstone, slightly calcareous, trace of calcareous mudstone stringers	1.7
		2. Shale and mudstone, light greenish gray to olive green, noncalcareous	1.5
		3. Limestone, very light brownish gray, marly, argillaceous	0.5
		4. Shale, light greenish gray	1.5
		5. Shale and mudstone, maroon with greenish-gray mottling, slightly calcareous, compact	1.5
		6. Mudstone, very light brownish gray, marly, trace of calcite crystals, soft to compact and resistant, trace of pale-greenish tint, slightly nodular	1.0
		7. Shale, light greenish gray varying to maroon tint, noncalcareous	1.5
		8. Shale, brick red with buff lime nodules, varies to poorly laminated mudstone, slightly calcareous	1.2
		9. Shale, similar to above but lacking lime nodules	0.9
		10. Mudstone, light greenish gray, compact blocky debris, minute traces of calcareous shell fragments (Crurithyris), moderately laminated	0.6
		11. Limestone, light brownish gray, microgranular with fine- to medium-crystalline clear calcite blebs and stringers of pale-green calcareous mudstone, nodular	0.9
		12. Shale, light greenish gray, calcareous, well laminated, minute nodular blebs of amorphous calcareous material	1.2
		13. Shale, medium maroon to grayish maroon in lower 1.0 foot, silty, noncalcareous where compact, extremely well laminated especially in upper 1.0 foot, calcareous where color is redder and shale is softer	2.0
		14. Shale and mudstone, light gray, noncalcareous, extremely well laminated within thicker more blocky units, trace of micro-cross laminations, laminae are silty	1.0
		15. Mudstone, light greenish gray to grayish olive green, calcareous, chalky	0.5
		16. Mudstone, light gray, calcareous, vaguely laminated, chalky to silty	1.0
Thickness Roca Shale			18.5
Red Eagle Limestone
	Howe Limestone Member
		17. Limestone, light yellowish brown, clayey, somewhat vuggy, massive, thick bedded, some rusty iron stain
		18. Limestone, similar to above, grayish tint	1.5
		19. Limestone, light brownish gray with yellowish tint, very similar to above, base grades through 0.2 foot to underlying shale	0.6
Thickness Howe Limestone Member			3.6
	Bennett Shale Member
		20. Shale, light gray and brownish gray with yellow and rusty mottling, moderately to well laminated, calcareous, very fossiliferous (brachiopods and spines, fish teeth?), possibly weathered from medium gray color	1.0
		21. Shale, light greenish brown with rusty and gray yellowish, tints, very fossiliferous (brachiopod fragments, Derbyia?), calcareous, well laminated, trace of fenestellate bryozoans	1.0
		22. Shale, medium to light gray (probably weathered from dark gray), possible Lingula? molds, calcareous, moderately laminated, slightly silty, compact, somewhat wafery	1.0
		23. Shale, medium to dark gray, moderately laminated, brachiopod fragments (Composita?), calcareous	1.2
Thickness Bennett Shale Member			4.2
	Glenrock Limestone Member
		24-25. Limestone, medium to light gray and brownish gray, granule breccia, fragments of aphanitic limestone in microcrystalline and calcarenitic matrix containing trace of foraminifers and brachiopod fragments, similar to Paxico section but slightly more conglomeratic near base	1.3
Thickness Red Eagle Limestone			9.1
Johnson Shale
		26. Shale, medium to light gray, weathers to light brownish gray, well laminated, calcareous, some laminae are dark gray	0.9
		27. Shale, medium to slaty gray, weathers to light gray, well laminated, frail ostracodes along some laminae, calcareous	1.0
		28. Shale, light brownish gray, probably weathered from medium gray, common ostracodes especially along some laminae, trace of mud-crack fillings and possibly subtle ripple marks, slightly resistant	1.0
		29. Shale, medium slaty gray, weathers buff, well laminated, compact, wafery, minute frail ostracodes along laminae appear as white flecks, slightly calcareous	1.5
		30. Limestone, medium to light gray, weathers buff, aphanitic, moderately to well laminated, platestone, compact, muddy	0.7
		31. Limestone, similar to above but laminated within thicker more flaggy units, muddy	0.8
		32. Marl, very light grayish brown, probably weathered from darker gray, moderately laminated, very argillaceous	0.9
		33. Mudstone, light to very light brownish gray, well to moderately laminated, slightly wavy laminae, top has a light-rusty-brown to gray-brown irregular argillaceous limestone 0.1 foot thick	1.5
		34. Limestone, light brownish gray, grades to shale above and below, aphanitic with traces of microcrystalline to medium crystals of clear calcite, hard	1.0
		35. Shale, light gray, calcareous, compact	0.7
		36. Shale, very light gray with some greenish tint, chalky, laminated	0.2
		37. Shale and mudstone, medium gray in upper 0.5 foot grading to light gray in lower 1.0 foot, calcareous, moderately laminated	1.5
		38. Shale, light grayish green, compact, noncalcareous, moderately laminated	0.5
		39. Shale, similar to above, slightly calcareous	1.6
		40. Limestone, light greenish gray, wavy laminae, argillaceous, varies to calcareous mudstone	1.2
		41. Shale, medium to light gray with slight greenish tint, moderately laminated, calcareous	1.2
		42. Shale, light grayish green, varies to light greenish gray and gray, clayey at top, muddy downward, minute grains of tan calcareous material in upper 0.4 foot	1.0
		43. Shale, medium to light gray, muddy, slightly calcareous	0.6
Thickness Johnson Shale			17.8

Figure 12.--Columnar section, insoluble residues, and fossils of the Manhattan section. An Acrobat PDF version of this figure is available.

Paxico Section.--SW sec. 30, T. 11 S., R. 12 E. North side of abandoned U.S. Highway 40 road cut, in crest of hill, Wabaunsee County, Kansas (Fig. 13).
Sample			Thickness, feet
Red Eagle Limestone
	Howe Limestone Member
		1. Limestone, light gray and brownish gray, pitted, decayed and vuggy, random blebs of secondary opaline silica, vugs contain yellowish clay, mainly medium to finely crystalline pure to argillaceous matrix, hard	0.3
		2. Limestone, light brownish gray, clayey, soft, very badly decayed, vague ghosts of pseudo-oolites and possibly ostracodes and foraminifers	0.7
		3. Limestone, similar to above but slightly harder and with clearer ghosts of pseudo-oolites, rare high-spired gastropods, pelecypod casts in argillaceous fine-grained limestone, poorly preserved brachiopods, trace of iron oxides	0.7
Thickness Howe Limestone Member			1.7
	Bennett Shale Member
		4. Limestone, very light gray to brownish gray, minute flecks of yellowish clay and dark-brown shell material with possible very fine silt, compact, pitted in places, unfossiliferous	0.9
		5. Limestone, varies to calcilutite, light yellowish gray, very fine grained, argillaceous, vague trace of lirate costate brachiopods (possibly Derbyia)	0.5
		6. Limestone, similar to 3 and 4 but lacking flecks, trace of secondary chert, trace of brown cutaneous shell fragments (Orbiculoidea?)	1.0
		7. Limestone, light brownish gray, muddy, vague lirate brachiopod molds, very slightly calcareous, occasional small vugs and yellowish clay possibly finely silty	2.0
		8. Limestone, argillaceous to finely silty microcrystalline, compact, rare trace of brown Orbiculoidea fragments, trace milky chert	1.5
		9. Shale, very dark gray, weathers buff, well laminated, trace of Orbiculoidea fragments	2.0
		10. Shale, buff, weathered from dark gray, well laminated, Orbiculoidea fragments common, 1/4-inch Orbiculoidea coquina along some laminae, trace of Lingula, fragments randomly oriented but somewhat compressed parallel to bedding plane	0.5
Thickness Bennett Shale Member			8.4
	Glenrock Limestone Member
		11. Limestone, medium brownish gray to brown with some yellowish-rusty iron stain, weathered light brownish gray at top, fusulinids sparse in upper 0.5 foot, trace of brachiopod fragments and spines, Crurithyris at top, hard, ghosts of fossils (vague foraminifers?); lower 0.5 foot is granule breccia of light-brownish-gray aphanitic limestone fragments and fossil remains (e.g., brachiopods, fusulinids, ostracodes, brachiopod spines, bryozoans, tiny spired gastropods) in light-creamy-gray aphanitic matrix, fossils oriented vaguely parallel to bedding plane	2.0
Thickness Red Eagle Limestone			12.1
Johnson Shale
		12. Shale, dark to medium gray, weathered to mottling of light gray buff, well laminated, somewhat flakey, clayey, slightly calcareous	0.9
		13. Shale, dark to medium gray, weathered to mottling of light gray, similar to above, slightly calcareous	1.0
		14. Shale, dark to medium gray, weathered to light brownish gray, well laminated, flaky, rare trace of carbonaceous remains, trace of delicate ostracode fragments along laminae, slightly calcareous	1.0
		15. Mudstone, very light brownish gray calcareous, argillaceous, varies to calcareous poorly laminated mudstone and shale	1.2
		16. Shale, medium gray, weathered to light yellowish gray, calcareous, laminated varying to poorly laminated mudstone	1.0
		17. Mudstone, medium to light brownish gray, calcareous, poorly to moderately laminated with some shale as in above	1.2
		18. Siltstone, medium to light brown and grayish brown, argillaceous, calcareous, well laminated; varies to very finely silty shale, calcareous, well laminated, brittle waferlike debris	1.1
		19. Siltstone (or calcisiltite), medium to light brownish gray, hard, well laminated, calcareous, weathered to platy debris, platestone	2.1
		20. Mudstone, very light greenish gray, calcareous	1.5
		Covered	14.0
Thickness Johnson Shale			25.0

Figure 13.--Columnar section, insoluble residues, and fossils of the Paxico section. An Acrobat PDF version of this figure is available.

Alma Section.--SW NE sec. 11, T. 12 S., R. 10 E. In east bank of Mill Creek, north of bridge, Wabaunsee County, Kansas.
Sample			Thickness, feet
Grenola Limestone
	Sallyards Limestone Member
		1. Limestone, very light gray, silty to chalky, porous, spongy, grades upward to calcareous wavy-bedded shale, irregular rubbly weathering, Pseudomonotis	1.5
Roca Shale
		2. Shale, light greenish gray, slightly silty, varies to mudstone, moderately to poorly laminated, calcareous, compact, arenaceous foraminifers	0.9
		3. Shale similar to above	0.9
		4. Shale, maroon, varies to mudstone, poorly to moderately laminated, very slightly calcareous	1.2
		5. Shale, medium to light gray and brownish gray, calcareous, moderately to well laminated, somewhat blocky debris	1.0
		6. Shale, similar to above	0.8
		7. Shale, similar to above, well laminated, wafery debris, random lenticular nodules of medium-gray fine-granular to microcrystalline slightly argillaceous limestone	0.6
		8. Shale, medium gray, silty, contains traces of black carbonaceous remains, calcareous, well laminated	0.8
		9. Shale, medium to light gray, finely silty, well laminated, varies in some places to poorly laminated mudstone, calcareous, ripple marks suspected	1.0
		10. Limestone (calcisiltite), light to very light gray and brownish gray, very finely silty to clayey, varies to mudstone, slightly calcareous, a few vugs, even textured	0.9
		11. Limestone, very light brownish gray, similar to above, some vague laminae within thicker beds, very finely silty to clayey, varies to mudstone	1.0
		12. Shale, light greenish gray, moderately to poorly laminated, varies to mudstone, noncalcareous to slightly calcareous	1.0
Thickness Roca Shale			10.1
Red Eagle Limestone
	Howe Limestone Member
		13. Limestone, light gray to very light yellowish gray, argillaceous, pitted, weathers yellowish chalky gray	0.7
		14. Limestone, medium to light brownish gray, pseudo-oolitic (osagite), microcrystalline matrix, rare small vugs	0.5
		15. Limestone, very light gray mottled with very light yellowish-gray clayey material, flecks of brown-rusty clay throughout, microgranular to microcrystalline, trace of ghosts of oolites	0.4
Thickness Howe Limestone Member			1.6
	Bennett Shale Member
		16. Siltstone, light gray with brown flecks as above, calcisiltite varying to calcareous mudstone	1.2
		Covered	17.8
Thickness Bennett Shale Member, as much as			19.0
Thickness Red Eagle Limestone, as much as			20.6
Johnson Shale
		17. Shale, dark gray to light brown where weathered, similar to below but ostracodes are less obvious, slightly calcareous	0.5
		18. Shale, dark gray, very well laminated to very fissile, calcareous, rare to common ostracodes cf. Bairdia along laminae, very rare trace of fish teeth?, rare carbonaceous remains, some laminae are covered almost entirely by ostracodes in a fine-grained calcareous matrix	0.5
		19. Shale, very light brownish gray, calcareous, moderately to well laminated, slightly silty to argillaceous, varies to claystone, rare trace of CaCO3 grains of silt size, ostracode? shell fragments	0.5
		20. Limestone, very light brownish gray, microgranular, even textured, trace of silt, similar to below but slightly softer and not laminated	0.5
		21. Limestone, very light brownish gray, microgranular, trace of silt, believed to be a weathered variety of below, well laminated, platy	0.5
		22. Limestone, medium gray, microcrystalline to microgranular, brittle, hard; very thin bedded to laminated, platy, or slightly argillaceous platestone	0.6
		Covered	6.9
Thickness Johnson Shale, estimated			10.0
Foraker Limestone
	Long Creek Limestone Member
		23. Limestone, light brown and gray, pitted, microgranular to microcrystalline, argillaceous, weathers to light yellowish gray brown	3.0

Keene Section.--SE sec. 24, T. 13 S., R. 12 E. In bank of stream north of small bridge on east-west road, Wabaunsee County, Kansas.
Sample			Thickness, feet
Red Eagle Limestone
	Glenrock Limestone Member
		1. Limestone, very light brownish gray with some yellowish clayey iron oxides, hard, compact, aphanitic matrix for abundant fusulinids and common brachiopod fragments and smaller foraminifers, top exposed and weathered but change to darker gray at top suggests similarity to Pawnee section, top lumpy with dark gray in the lows between lumps	1.2
Johnson Shale
		Covered	5.0
		2. Limestone, medium brownish gray, very hard, very even textured, moderately to well laminated, platy to flaggy, argillaceous?, unfossiliferous, platestone varies to flagstone	1.0
		Covered interval, not measured
		Shale, greenish gray, calcareous, moderately to well laminated, badly slumped, mostly covered, seen in random patches on slopes 1/2 mile north of above

Eskridge Section.--SE NE sec. 17, T. 14 S., R. 12 E. In south bank of small creek just west of Kansas Highway 99, Wabaunsee County, Kansas (Fig. 14).
Sample			Thickness, feet
Red Eagle Limestone
	Glenrock Limestone Member
		1. Limestone, light brownish gray, microgranular matrix for common to abundant fusulinids and a few foraminifers and brachiopod fragments, top 0 to 1 inch is coquinoid fusulinid limestone with trace of shaly material (as in Bennett) and Orbiculoidea fragments in a slightly argillaceous matrix	0.9
Johnson Shale
		Covered	1.5
		2. Shale (slumped), varies to mudstone, buff, poorly to moderately laminated, even textured	1.0
		3. Shale, buff, probably weathered from medium gray, well laminated, waferlike, calcareous	0.6
		4. Limestone, medium gray, weathered buff, argillaceous to silty, well laminated, compact, platestone, minute textural differences from layer to layer, trace of very shallow channelling (1-2 mm), trace of fucoids, vague ripple marks	0.6
		5. Limestone, medium gray weathered medium buff, argillaceous to silty, vague rare laminae, essentially a massive unit	0.5
		6. Shale, medium to light brownish gray, very finely silty, calcareous, rare trace of carbonaceous remains up to 1/4 inch, well laminated, flaky to waferlike debris, laminations are slightly undulatory	1.0
		7. Shale, light greenish gray, moderately to poorly laminated, varies to mudstone yielding blocky debris, noncalcareous	1.0
		8. Shale and mudstone, very calcareous, very light to light brownish gray, moderately to poorly laminated	1.0
		9. Mudstone, light greenish gray, calcareous, poorly laminated, varies to shale	2.0
		10. Shale, light gray with greenish tint, calcareous, moderately to well laminated	1.0
		11. Shale, medium to light gray and greenish gray, calcareous, varies to argillaceous limestone and mudstone of same color, trace of carbonaceous remains, some silt, vague tubes and blebs of greenish clayey material	1.0
		12. Shale and mudstone, light greenish gray, calcareous, moderately to rarely laminated, trace of silt	1.0
Thickness Johnson Shale exposed			12.2

Figure 14.--Columnar section, insoluble residues, and fossils of the Eskridge section. An Acrobat PDF version of this figure is available.

Eskridge Quarry Section.--NW sec. 32, T. 14 S., R. 12 E. in large quarry 7/8 mile west of Kansas Highway 99. Large spoil heap can be seen for several miles. Wabaunsee County, Kansas (Fig. 15).
Sample			Thickness, feet
Red Eagle Limestone
	Bennett Shale Member
		1. Limestone, light greenish gray, argillaceous to pure crystalline, weathered to light yellowish brown, aphanitic to medium crystalline and coarsely (clear) crystalline where recrystallized, uneven rubbly bedding 3 inches, rough debris, trace of stylolites, very fossiliferous; common crinoid columnals with fragments of productid brachiopods, echinoid spines, ostracodes, and chambered foraminifers in crystalline and greenish-gray lime matrix	1.0
		2. Limestone, similar to above with slightly fewer fossils, crinoid debris common	1.0
		3. Limestone, as above but with more aphanitic matrix for fewer fossils, brachiopod fragments common, Crurithyris seen essentially undamaged	1.0
		4. Limestone, light brownish gray weathered light rusty gray, massive, medium to thick beds, hard, aphanitic to microcrystalline matrix for abundant fossil detritus, brachiopods, foraminifers, crinoid discs, spines, some clear medium to coarse calcite crystals, somewhat wavy irregular bedding planes, very rare greenish-gray clayey limestone in random wisps	1.0
		5. Limestone, light brownish gray, some microvugular pores, aphanitic matrix for common fossil detritus as above, trace foraminifers, Tolypammina?	1.0
		6. Limestone, as above, some vugular porous development in association with solution of fossils	1.0
		7. Limestone, light brownish gray, aphanitic matrix for rare fossil detritus as above, random microvugular pores, trace of stylolites, thick massive beds, hard	1.0
		8. Limestone, as above with slightly more crystalline calcite fossil detritus, some vugs	1.0
		9. Limestone, light brownish gray, aphanitic to microcrystalline matrix for rare fossil detritus as above, trace of stylolites	1.0
		10. Limestone, as above, with crinoid discs, medium to thick massive beds	1.0
		11. Limestone, as above with vugs and common clear calcite crystalline fossil detritus	1.0
		12. Limestone, as above with large vugs, some vugs border on calcite-lined geodes, trace of stylolites	1.0
		13. Limestone, as above; exposed above water	1.0
Thickness Bennett Shale Member exposed			13.0
Thickness Red Eagle Limestone exposed			13.0

Figure 15.--Columnar section, insoluble residues, and fossils of the Eskridge Quarry section. An Acrobat PDF version of this figure is available.

Eskridge South Section.--NE sec. 6, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. On northeast side of road leading into farmyard, Wabaunsee County, Kansas.
Sample			Thickness, feet
Red Eagle Limestone
	Glenrock Limestone Member
		1. Limestone, light grayish brown, aphanitic matrix for abundant fusulinids with rare brachiopod fragments and other foraminifers, upper 1/2 inch argillaceous with patches of dark-gray shaly material, clusters of fusulinids at top form coquina with trace to rare Orbiculoidea and bryozoan fragments and yellow weathered clay in matrix, top gently undulatory, weathered, lower 0.3 feet has fewer fossils	0.8
Johnson Shale
		Covered	5.0
		2. Shale, buff, weathered from dark gray, well laminated, calcareous, frail plain ostracodes and delicate plant remains along laminae, compact, flaky, to waferlike	1.0
		3. Siltstone, varies to mudstone, light yellowish to brownish gray, calcareous, moderately to well laminated	1.0
		4. Limestone, light yellowish to brownish gray, very muddy, well laminated within medium to thin beds, resistant	3.0
		Covered	2.5
		5. Limestone, light yellowish to brownish gray, weathered from medium gray, muddy, well laminated, platy to flaggy, very evenly laminated and even textured between laminae	0.7
		6. Limestone, similar to above but poorly laminated, even textured	0.8
		7. Mudstone and shale, moderately to well laminated, light greenish gray with some yellowish tint, slightly to moderately calcareous, possibly weathered from darker shale or mudstone	1.0
Thickness Johnson Shale exposed			15.0

Judith Section.--NW NW Sec. 7, T. 15 S., R. 12 E. In east gutter of road up hillside, Wabaunsee County, Kansas.
Sample			Thickness, feet
Red Eagle Limestone
	Bennett Shale Member
		Limestone, not sampled, very similar to Eskridge Quarry	16.0
		1. Limestone, medium to light brownish gray, microgranular, slightly argillaceous matrix for common Orbiculoidea debris (some almost intact), trace of spines, crinoid discs, brachiopods, foraminifers	0.5
		2. Limestone, medium to light gray and brownish gray, microgranular, somewhat argillaceous matrix for common Orbiculoidea fragments, trace of fish teeth, thin to medium bedded, massive, base of resistant cliff-forming unit	0.5
		3. Shale and mudstone, medium brownish gray, weathered from dark gray, calcareous, Orbiculoidea nearly intact but flattened	0.5
		4. Shale, dark gray, weathered buff, moderately to well laminated, trace of Orbiculoidea fragments, slightly calcareous	1.0
		5. Shale, dark gray weathered buff, poorly to well laminated varying to fissile, Orbiculoidea commonly preserved nearly intact or as debris, trace of Lingula, rare trace of carbonaceous remains, calcite crystals along some laminae	0.5
		6. Shale, dark gray, weathered medium brownish gray, very well laminated, fissile, flaky to waferlike, calcareous, rare trace of Orbiculoidea and Lingula, fragments, compact	0.5
		7. Shale, dark gray fissile, waferlike, varies to crudely, laminated mudstone in places, trace of minute Orbiculoidea fragments possibly reworked from base, rare trace of conodonts and fish teeth, weathered buff, compact, brittle and tough, slightly calcareous	1.0
Thickness Bennett Shale Member			20.5
	Glenrock Limestone Member
		8. Limestone, light brownish gray, massive, matrix weathered faint light yellowish gray in places, microgranular to aphanitic matrix for abundant fusulinids throughout, trace of foraminifers, brachiopods, ostracodes, top grades through 1/2 inch of medium- to light-brown shale and argillaceous limestone with abundant Orbiculoidea and rare brachiopods (Lingula?, Crurithyris?) and fish teeth	0.9
Thickness Red Eagle Limestone			21.4

Coffman Ranch Section.--S2 NW sec. 23, T. 15 S., R. 11 E. In quarry and along creek bank on Coffman Ranch property, Lyon County, Kansas (Fig. 16).
Sample			Thickness, feet
Red Eagle Limestone
	Howe Limestone Member
		Limestone, light brownish gray and grayish brown, typical fine osagite, foraminifers common, rare large bellerophontid gastropods and straight nautiloid cephalopods near top, undulatory lower contact, weathers light rusty brown along joints, light- to medium-gray weathering in exposed hillside benches, some deep surficial pitting in field exposures	5 to 6
	Bennett Shale Member
		1. Limestone, light gray to light brownish gray, aphanitic with some clear fine to coarse calcite crystals at random, stringers of greenish clay, trace of crinoid discs and brachiopod fragments and fenestrate bryozoans, nodular bedding planes, rubbly debris, medium to thin bedded, some silicified fossils	6.5
		2. Limestone, light brownish gray, aphanitic to microcrystalline with crystalline calcite fossil remains, crinoid discs, productid spines, foraminifers, hard, compact, massive unit with irregular boundaries	0.5 to 1.0
		3. Limestone, similar to 1 but more greenish clay associated with stylolites, greenish clay interbedded material	1.0
		4. Limestone, similar to 1 but less green clay	1.0
		5. Limestone, light gray to greenish gray and brownish gray, aphanitic matrix for common fossils (intact crinoid columnals, brachiopods, fenestrate and ramose bryozoans, and foraminifers), some fossils especially brachiopods replaced by milky opaline silica, similar to above	1.0
		6. Limestone, light gray to greenish gray, aphanitic matrix, some parts fossiliferous, crystalline, light brownish gray brachiopods, echinoid and productid spines, brachiopod fragments, rubbly, thin bedded, hard, some fossils silicified	0.5
		7. Limestone, similar to above, secondary calcite stringers and aphanitic brachiopod fillings produce pseudo-brecciated appearance in some places	0.5
		8. Limestone, light brownish gray, aphanitic to medium crystalline, similar to above, very fossiliferous, crinoid columnals abundant (articulated), fragments of branching structureless algal? material, fenestellate and ramose bryozoans, spines as above, weathered light gray	0.5
		9. Limestone, light brownish gray with some faintly rusty yellow tint, medium to thick bedded, hard, massive, aphanitic to microcrystalline matrix for common fossil detritus ranging from normal sizes of crinoid discs (mainly disarticulated) and brachiopods to minute microscopic debris of great variety including bryozoans, ostracodes, foraminifers, ?rare trace Orbiculoidea fragments	2.0
		10. Limestone, matrix similar to above, randomly vuggy, trace of white opaline-replaced brachiopod shells, few megafossils	2.0
		11. Limestone, similar to above, columnar stylolites up to 2 inches	1.0
		12. Limestone, similar to above, light brownish gray, aphanitic matrix for rare medium crystals of calcite and common small nodules, horn corals rare, hard	1.0
		13. Limestone, similar to above, a few small vugs, harder than below (possibly owing to less clay)	14
		14. Limestone, similar to above, medium bedded, vugs developing at solution cavities associated with interiors of articulated brachiopod shells	1.0
		15. Limestone, similar to above, stylolites	1.0
		16. Limestone, similar to above, trace of rusty yellow stain at weathered surface, rare trace of Orbiculoidea fragments	1.0
		17. Limestone, similar to above	1.0
		18. Limestone, similar to above, seems more clayey, abundant microfossils	1.0
		19. Limestone, similar to above, rare trace of fish tooth seen	0.5
		20. Limestone, similar to above, microfossil debris abundant, productid and echinoid spines, trace of Orbiculoidea fragments seen	0.5
		21. Shale, dark gray to medium brownish gray, well laminated, calcareous,
		Orbiculoidea fragments common, rare trace of frail Lingula fragments, some Orbiculoidea well preserved but flattened (apical one-third seems to resist flattening), intact specimens in place?, minute flecks of black carbonaceous matter, conodonts, trace of calcareous nodules or lenticles in upper 0.5 foot	1.0
		22. Shale, similar to above, some weathered to light brownish gray, softer than below, moderately to well laminated, some microgeodes, interlaminated with below through 1 inch	0.5
		23. Shale, black to dark gray, compact, brittle, much harder than above, very slightly calcareous but calcareous where weathered to medium to light brownish gray and along slightly silty laminae of same color, not visibly fossiliferous	0.5
Thickness Bennett Shale Member			27.0
	Glenrock Limestone Member
		24. Limestone, medium brownish gray, massive, moderately hard, aphanitic matrix for profuse fusulinids (almost a fusulinid coquina in places), common small brachiopods, foraminifers, spines; evidence of worm tubes composed of medium-gray clayey material from Bennett above and containing Orbiculoidea fragments to the bottoms of the tubes, no tubes reach the base of this limestone; at top lithology changes through less than 1/8 inch from fusulinid subcoquina to Orbiculoidea subcoquina and thence upward to dark-gray Orbiculoidea-bearing shale of the Bennett, lower 1/4 inch of shale contains rare fusulinids (probably detrital), fossils here show crude orientation parallel to bedding plane; base gently undulatory through 1 inch	0.4
Thickness Red Eagle Limestone			33.4
Johnson Shale
		25. Shale, light yellowish gray brown, well laminated, trace of carbonaceous plant remains and greenish-gray and dark-gray shale granules in calcareous clay matrix, weathered light grayish yellow	0.5
		26. Shale, light brownish gray, trace of rusty yellow tint, well laminated, probably weathered from medium gray, slightly trace of carbonaceous plant remains, rare trace of frail ostracodes associated with medium-gray shale remnants, calcareous	0.5
		27. Shale, light brownish gray, probably weathered from medium to dark gray, frail ostracodes common along laminae and abundant in thin laminar beds, well laminated, slightly silty, calcareous, rare trace of carbonaceous plant remains	1.0
		28. Shale, medium to light brownish gray, well laminated, calcareous, vague but abundant frail ostracodes as above	1.0
		29. Shale, light brownish gray, well laminated, probably weathered from medium gray, similar to above, rare trace of carbonaceous remains and ostracodes	1.0
		30. Limestone, very argillaceous (possibly calcimudite), microgranulitic, massive, vaguely laminated, rare trace of black carbonaceous remains, microgeodes	3.0
		31. Limestone, similar to above, light brownish gray,very argillaceous, well laminated, not visible, fossliferous	0.5
Thickness Johnson Shale exposed			7.5

Figure 16.--Columnar section, insoluble residues, and fossils of the Coffman Ranch section. An Acrobat PDF version of this figure is available.

Allen Section.--NW SW sec. 36, T. 15 S., R. 11 E. In south cut bank of small stream east of bridge on north-south county road, Lyon County, Kansas (Fig. 17).
Sample			Thickness, feet
Red Eagle Limestone
	Bennett Shale Member
		1. Limestone, medium to light gray, moderately laminated, muddy and shaly, slightly silty, trace of spine fragments and minute brown phosphatic remains (Orbiculoidea fragments)	1.0
		2. Limestone, medium to light gray, shaly, trace of brown Orbiculoidea fragments, spine remains, more massive in upper 0.5 foot, common crinoid stems intact	1.3
		3. Limestone, similar to above with spines and rare horn corals, trace of opaline cream), chert, trace of MnO2	0.7
		4. Limestone, light gray with faint brownish tint, weathered light yellow gray, aphanitic, light- and medium-gray secondary opaline and porcelaneous chert nodules and silicified fossil fragments, Linoproductus, Dictyoclostus and other brachiopod fragments and spines, rare trace of fusulinids and ostracodes and crinoid discs, trace of Orbiculoidea fragments, some fusulinids in chert (cf. Triticites rockensis)	1.0
		5. Limestone, similar to above, common Orbiculoidea and trace of other brachiopod fragments and spines most obvious, some fossils silicified, some parts contain abundant Orbiculoidea fragments, very rare fusulinids	0.9
		6. Shale, medium to light gray brown, clayey, calcareous, common Orbiculoidea fragments (some parts subcoquinoid), moderately laminated	0.05
		7. Shale, medium to light brownish gray, clayey to very finely silty, calcareous, well laminated, trace of Orbiculoidea fragments	0.5
		8. Shale, dark gray, calcareous, well laminated, soft, fissile	0.3
		9. Shale, medium grayish brown, well laminated, calcareous	0.3
Thickness Bennett Shale Member exposed			6.05
	Glenrock Limestone Member
		10-11. Limestone, light brownish gray; microcrystalline matrix for abundant fossil detritus including fusulinids, foraminifers (cf. Tolypammina), brachiopod fragments, ostracodes, and algally coated brachiopod fragments; fossils oriented roughly parallel to bedding, top has high-spired gastropods and algal blebs, a single massive unit, fragments of aphanitic limestone material give rare brecciation effect in lower 0.6 foot, fusulinids rare to absent in lower part of unit	1.3
Thickness Red Eagle Limestone exposed			7.35
Johnson Shale
		12. Shale and mudstone, light yellowish gray, probably weathered from medium gray, vaguely laminated, calcareous, chalky	1.0
		13. Shale, medium to light grayish brown, weathered from medium gray, well laminated, soft to compact, calcareous, frail white ostracodes along laminae, rare trace of carbonaceous (plant) remains and fish teeth	1.0
		14. Shale, light brownish gray, calcareous, well laminated, common fragmental carbonaceous plant remains along laminae with frail ostracodes	0.5
		15. Shale, medium brownish gray, weathered from dark gray, calcareous, well laminated, frail small ostracodes, mostly broken along laminae, finely divided black carbonaceous remains	0.5
		16. Shale, medium to light brownish gray, similar to above with rare plant remains along some laminae	0.1
		17. Shale, medium to light greenish gray with some yellowish tint, calcareous, lacks plant remains	0.5
		18. Shale, light yellowish to brownish gray, well laminated, compact, harder than above, very calcareous	1.0
		19. Limestone, very light brownish gray, argillaceous, aphanitic, massive with vague papery laminae, vague ripple marks near top	1.0
		20. Limestone, similar to above but harder and more resistant, vaguely laminated	1.0
Thickness Johnson Shale exposed			6.6

Figure 17.--Columnar section, insoluble residues, and fossils of the Allen section. An Acrobat PDF version of this figure is available.

Allen No. 2 Section.--SW NW sec. 35, T. 15 S., R. 11 E. Beside bridge on north-south county road, Lyon County, Kansas (Fig. 18).
Sample			Thickness, feet
Roca Shale
		1. Limestone, light gray with brownish tint, aphanitic, hard, dense, rare clear calcite crystals at random	0.7
		2. Shale, medium to light greenish gray, calcareous, well laminated, soft to moderately compact, slightly silty, subtle green-gray and buff intralaminations	0.5
		3. Shale and mudstone, medium to light greenish gray, noncalcareous, grades upward into above	1.0
Thickness Roca Shale exposed			2.2
Red Eagle Limestone
	Howe Limestone Member
		4. Limestone, in algal buns topped and surrounded by greenish mudstone as above, osagitic, tan oolites and pseudo-oolites in green clay (with some CaCO3 matrix, some portions foraminiferal with tan aphanitic to microcrystalline matrix and vague to well defined concentric laminar structure forming the buns, some small high-spired gastropods seen, one nautiloid cephalopod found beneath a bun	0.2
		5. Limestone, light brownish gray, foraminiferal and pseudo oolitic with some tiny gastropods as above, matrix medium to aphanitic tan CaCO3, some leached oolite porosity, hard	1.0
		6. Limestone, transition between above and below, some medium vugs	1.0
		7. Limestone, light brownish gray with greenish-gray clay seams, vugs, microcrystalline to medium-crystalline matrix for abundant crystalline fossil fragments, brachiopods, foraminifers, spines	0.5
		8. Limestone, similar to above, richly fossiliferous, brachiopods, crinoid discs, spines, rare gastropods, rare fenestellate bryozoans, rare ostracodes, trace of milky opaline chert	0.5
Thickness Howe Limestone Member			3.2
	Bennett Shale Member
		9. Limestone, light gray, argillaceous, poorly laminated, varies to calcareous mudstone, trace of brachiopods, ostracodes, spines	1.0
		Covered	1.0
		10. Shale, light gray with pale-green cast, possibly weathered from medium gray, calcareous, rare trace of fish teeth?, ostracodes, Orbiculoidea, well laminated	1.0
		11. Shale, light brownish gray, calcareous, well laminated, trace of Orbiculoidea, ostracodes, brachiopod fragments	1.0
		12. Shale, medium gray, weathered buff, calcareous, well laminated, trace of ostracodes, brachiopod fragments, trace of spines, grades to below	0.5
		13. Limestone, medium to light gray, very muddy, varies to calcareous mudstone, fossiliferous, brachiopods, rare Orbiculoidea, spines	1.2
		14. Limestone, medium gray, argillaceous, weathered light buff, some buff secondary porcelaneous chert concretions, fossiliferous, aphanitic matrix for fusulinids, foraminifers, brachiopod fragments, and spines; massive, resistant, hard	0.6
		15. Limestone, light brownish gray, hard, similar to above but lacks chert, some milky opaline chert replacements of fossil fragments; aphanitic matrix for profuse fossil detritus including brachiopod fragments, spines, small foraminifers, and Orbiculoidea	0.7
		16. Shale, medium gray, mostly weathered to gray buff, moderately to well laminated, calcareous, Orbiculoidea fragments common, trace of spines and brachiopod fragments (cf. Crurithyris), slightly silty	0.3
		17. Shale, very dark gray, very well laminated, very slightly calcareous, rare laminar lenticles of marly clay and subcoquina of Orbiculoidea fragments, very rare fish teeth, small spines, very frail ostracodes, disc-like foraminifers (Ammodiscus?), dark-brown possible fish bones?	0.3
	Glenrock Limestone Member
Thickness Bennett Shale Member			7.6
		18. Limestone, medium gray to brownish gray, aphanitic to microcrystalline matrix for abundant fossils, fusulinids (Triticites?) and brachiopod fragments common, rare frail coiled or wormlike foraminifers (Tolypammina?), spines, some subrounded fragments of medium-gray or bluish-gray aphanitic limestone give sparse conglomeratic effect; top undulatory, distinct, and coated with subcoquina of Orbiculoidea and Lingula fragments in a very dark gray clay matrix; crude worm burrows similar to Pawnee locality which contain Orbiculoidea fragments are 2 inches below top of this unit, some algal CaCO3 coatings on brachiopod fragments, rare trace of pyrite, one or two broken fusulinds at base of overlying Orbiculoidea subcoquina	0.9
Thickness Red Eagle Limestone			11.7

Figure 18.--Columnar section, insoluble residues, and fossils of the Allen No. 2 section. An Acrobat PDF version of this figure is available.

Dunlap Section.--SE SE sec. 23, T. 17 S., R. 9 E. In west bank of road cut just south of bridge, Morris County, Kansas.
Sample			Thickness, feet
Roca Shale
		1. Mudstone and shale, light greenish yellowish gray, calcareous, moderately to poorly laminated, arenaceous foraminifers	1.0
		2. Mudstone, similar to above, rare patches of light greenish gray associated with rusty yellow flecks	1.0
		3. Shale, light gray, faintly greenish, flecks of rusty weathering, well laminated, calcareous, some laminae are wavy	1.0
		4. Limestone, light gray, faintly greenish, shaly, poorly to nonlaminated, calcareous	0.2
		5. Mudstone, light gray, faintly greenish, calcareous, vaguely laminated in some places, chalky	1.5
		6. Shale and mudstone, medium to light greenish gray, green in patches, calcareous, compact, rubbly debris	0.8
		7. Limestone, medium to light greenish gray, argillaceous, green clay in wormy tubes up to 1/16 inch diameter, trace brachiopod fragments, one ostracode seen	0.3
		8. Shale, medium to light grayish green, calcareous, nonuniform mixture of green clay and light-grayish-brown calcareous material, moderately wavy laminae	0.5
		9. Shale, varies to mudstone, medium green with grayish cast, noncalcareous, irregular blocky debris	1.5