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Contents
Previous Work on Pennsylvanian Ichnology in Kansas
Regional and Stratigraphic Framework
Outcrop Locality
Parasequence A
Unit A1--Mud-dominated Heterolithic Facies
Parasequence B
Unit B1--Sand-dominated Heterolithic Facies
Unit B2--Mottled Mudstone Facies
Parasequence C
Unit C1--Rippled Silty Sandstone Facies
Unit C2--Blocky Mudstone Facies
Parasequence D
Unit D1--Siltstone and Mudstone Heterolithic Facies
Unit D2--Inclined Heterolithic Stratified Silty Sandstone and Siltstone Facies
Unit D3--Trough Cross Stratified Sandstone Facies
Taxonomic Philosophy
General Comments
Ichnogenus ARENICOLITES Salter, 1857
ARENICOLITES isp.
Ichnogenus ASTERIACITES von Schlotheim, 1820
ASTERIACITES LUMBRICALIS von Schlotheim, 1820
Ichnogenus CHONDRITES von Sternberg, 1833
CHONDRITES? isp.
Ichnogenus CONICHNUS Männil, 1966
CONICHNUS CONICUS Männil, 1966
Ichnogenus CRUZIANA d'Orbigny, 1842
CRUZIANA PROBLEMATICA (Schindewolf, 1921)
CRUZIANA isp.
Ichnogenus CURVOLITHUS Fritsch, 1908
CURVOLITHUS MULTIPLEX Fritsch, 1908
CURVOLITHUS SIMPLEX Buatois, Mángano, Mikuláš, and Maples, 1998
Ichnogenus DIPLICHNITES Dawson, 1873
DIPLICHNITES CUITHENSIS Briggs, Rolfe, and Brannan, 1979
Ichnogenus DIPLOCRATERION Torell, 1870
DIPLOCRATERION isp. A
DIPLOCRATERION isp. B
Ichnogenus HALOPOA Torell, 1870
HALOPOA isp.
Ichnogenus LOCKEIA James, 1879
LOCKEIA ORNATA (Bandel, 1967a)
LOCKEIA SILIQUARIA (James, 1879)
Ichnogenus NEREITES MacLeay in Murchison, 1839
NEREITES CAMBRENSIS Murchison, 1839
NEREITES IMBRICATA Mángano, Buatois, West, and Maples, 2000
NEREITES JACKSONI Emmons, 1844
NEREITES MISSOURIENSIS (Weller, 1899)
Ichnogenus PALAEOPHYCUS Hall, 1847
PALAEOPHYCUS TUBULARIS Hall, 1847
Ichnogenus PARAHAENTZSCHELINIA Chamberlain, 1971
PARAHAENTZSCHELINIA ARDELIA Chamberlain, 1971
Ichnogenus PENTICHNUS Maerz, Kaesler, and Hakes, 1976
PENTICHNUS PRATTI Maerz, Kaesler, and Hakes, 1976
Ichnogenus PHYCODES Richter, 1850
PHYCODES PALMATUS Hall, 1852
PHYCODES isp.
Ichnogenus PHYCOSIPHON Fischer-Ooster, 1858
PHYCOSIPHON INCERTUM Fischer-Ooster, 1858
Ichnogenus PLANOLITES Nicholson, 1873
PLANOLITES BEVERLEYENSIS (Billings, 1862)
Ichnogenus PROTOVIRGULARIA McCoy, 1850
PROTOVIRGULARIA BIDIRECTIONALIS n. isp.
PROTOVIRGULARIA RUGOSA (Miller and Dyer, 1878)
Ichnogenus PSAMMICHNITES Torell, 1870
PSAMMICHNITES GRUMULA (Romano and Melendez, 1979)
PSAMMICHNITES IMPLEXUS (Rindsberg, 1994)
PSAMMICHNITES PLUMMERI (Fenton and Fenton, 1937)
PSAMMICHNITES? isp.
Ichnogenus RHIZOCORALLIUM Zenker, 1836
RHIZOCORALLIUM IRREGULARE Mayer, 1954
Ichnogenus ROSSELIA Dahmer, 1937
ROSSELIA SOCIALIS Dahmer, 1937
Ichnogenus RUSOPHYCUS Hall, 1852
RUSOPHYCUS isp.
Ichnogenus SKOLITHOS Haldeman, 1840
SKOLITHOS isp.
Ichnogenus TEICHNICHNUS Seilacher, 1955
TEICHICHNUS RECTUS Seilacher, 1955
Ichnogenus TRICHOPHYCUS Miller and Dyer, 1878a
TRICHOPHYCUS isp.
Chip-shaped Burrows
Pelletoidal Chains
Small Horizontal Cylindrical Burrows
Small Vertical Burrows
Undetermined Tracks
Relationships Between Trace Fossils and Sedimentary Facies
Environmental Implications of Trace-fossil Vertical Distribution
Spatial Heterogeneity
Environmental Controls
Salinity
Temperature
Substrate
Hydrodynamic Energy
Evidence of Time-averaged Surfaces
Tiering Structure and Ichnoguilds
Paleocurrent Analysis
Depositional Model
Paleotidal Range
Effects of Climate on Deposition
Utility of Trace Fossils in Sequence Stratigraphy
Parasequence Stacking Patterns
Sequence-stratigraphic Significance of Outside Shales and Paleosols
Ichnology of Key Stratal Surfaces
The Waverly Ichnofauna in Regional Context
Introduction
Sedimentology and Ichnology of Stull Shale Member Outcrops
Interpretation of Lateral Variability of the Stull Shale Member
Implications for Ichnofacies Models
Ichnofaunas from Tidal Successions in the Fossil Record
Ichnofacies Gradients in Tide- and Wave-dominated Shorelines
Implications in Evolutionary Paleoecology
Introduction
Tidal Flats as Sites of Evolutionary Innovations
Tidal-flat Ichnofaunas through Time
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Kansas Geological Survey, Geology
Placed on web May 21, 2015; originally published 2002.
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