In Situ Redox Manipulation (ISRM)

General Description of the Technology

ISRM uses chemicals added to the aquifer by means of injection wells to create a treatment zone that passively treats contaminated ground water. The injected chemicals are allowed to react with the aquifer materials and then are pumped out after a short period of time. Click here for to review the PDF documents for more information on this technology.

In the diagram below, the contaminant plume (red) will flow through the treatment zone (yellow) under the natural hydraulic gradient. The dissolved chromium reacts with iron in the aquifer materials to transform the chromium into a less toxic state that is immobile under most natural conditions.