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Dakota (Cretaceous) Core from Cheyenne County

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Core and Sample Descriptions

By Daniel F. Merriam and William R. Atkinson

Although no electric log or radioactivity log was available for the Guy F. Atkinson No. 1 Beaumeister well, other data such as a drillers log, sample log, and drilling-time log were available. The drillers log, which was supplied by the Kansas Geological Society's Well Log Bureau, is brief (Table 2). No tops were given on the log; furthermore, because of the brevity of the log, no tops could be picked. The anhydrite encountered at a depth of 2,880 feet is too shallow to be the Stone Corral (Cimarron anhydrite of subsurface terminology) but possibly is the Blaine.

Table 2—Drillers log of Guy F. Atkinson No. 1 Beaumeister (SE SE NE sec. 31, T. 2 S., R. 39 W.). Elevation, 3,266 feet RB; total depth, 3,010 feet. H & H Drilling Company, contractor. Casing: 8 5/8 in. at 194 feet, cemented with 150 sacks of cement. Production, dry.

Lithology Depth to bottom
of formation, feet.
Shale and sand 194
Shale 1,370
Shale and sand 1,930
Shale 1,997
Coring 2,484
Shale 2,495
Shale and sand 2,717
Shale and lime 2,800
Coring 2,827
Shale and lime 2,863
Shale 2,880
Anhydrite 2,913
Shale and sand 3,010
Total Depth

The original sample log prepared by James D. Bishop, Chief Geologist of the Guy F. Atkinson Company, is presented in Table 3 in slightly abbreviated form. From this detailed log it is possible to ascertain the following tops: Pierre Shale, 10 feet; Niobrara Formation, 1,130 feet; Fort Hays Chalk member, 1,620 feet; Carlile Shale, 1,650 feet; Blue Hill Shale member, 1,710 feet; Fairport Shale member, 1,820 feet; Greenhorn Limestone, 1,890 feet; Graneros Shale (estimated), 1,975 feet; Omadi Formation, 2,034 feet; Kiowa Shale, 2,308 feet; Cheyenne Sandstone, 2,419 1/2 feet; Morrison Formation, 2,590 feet; Permian redbeds, 2,895 feet; and the total depth of the well at 3,010 feet, still in Permian redbeds. The Stone Corral was not reached. Lithologically the rock units encountered in this well are similar to their respective units in other parts of northwestern Kansas and thus are easily recognized.

Table 3—Sample log of Guy F. Atkinson Company No. 1 Beaumeister well, examined by James D. Bishop, Chief Geologist, Guy F. Atkinson Company.

Depth Description of material
From To
0 5 Silty sandy loam
5 10 Medium to coarse-grained sand
10 40 Yellow, gray to dark-gray, weathered shale
40 260 Gray, slightly calcareous, fissile shale
260 520 Gray to dark-gray, fissile, calcareous shale
520 610 Dark-gray to black, fissile, noncalcareous shale
610 630 Ditto with white bentonite
630 670 Dark-gray to black, fissile, noncalcareous shale
670 850 Ditto; fossil shells and limy concretions
850 1030 Dark-gray to black, noncalcareous shale, some bentonite, fossil fragments, and limy concretions
1030 1130 Brown to dark-gray, slightly calcareous, fossiliferous shale
1130 1200 Brown to gray, very calcareous, slightly fossiliferous shale; some bentonite
1200 1570 Gray speckled white, calcareous, slightly fossiliferous shale; some bentonite
1570 1590 Gray to white, slightly shaly chalk
1590 1620 Gray speckled white, slightly shaly, fossiliferous chalk; some bentonite
1620 1650 White, limy chalk
1650 1710 Gray, fine- to medium-grained, calcareous sand
1710 1730 Gray, chalky shale
1730 1820 Ditto; some bentonite
1820 1870 Ditto; some white, crystalline limestone
1870 1890 Gray to dark-gray, chalky shale
1890 1930 Gray, medium hard, dense to finely crystalline limestone
1930, 1997 Dark-gray, very calcareous fossiliferous shale
1997 2021 Gray to dark-gray, calcareous, fossiliferous, fissile shale; thin bentonite beds
2021 2034 Dark-gray to black, noncalcareous, fossiliferous, fissile shale
2034 2484 Core of Dakota Group (see detailed log, Figure 3)
2484 2505 Gray to dark-gray, hard, fissile shale; some coarse-grained quartz sandstone
2505 2540 Gray, medium-grained, calcareous sandstone
2540 2550 Gray to dark-gray shale
2550 2560 Gray, hard, pyritic, calcareous sandstone
2560 2585 Gray to dark-gray shale and medium-grained, well-cemented sandstone
2585 2590 Gray, coarse-grained, quartz sandstone
2590 2680 Green and gray, bentonitic shale
2680 2755 Green to gray, bentonitic shale and white to buff, medium-hard, crystalline limestone and dolomite
2755 2775 Green and gray, bentonitic, sandy shale; some white, dense, medium-hard limestone
2775 2795 White to buff, dense, slightly sandy limestone and green and gray, sandy, bentonitic shale
2795 2805 White to buff, dense, finely crystalline, sandy cherty limestone
2805 2860 Gray to green, medium-hard, calcareous shale; stringers of crystalline, cherty limestone
2860 2885 Red-brown sandstone
2885 2915 White gypsum and anhydrite; some medium crystalline limestone and red and gray shale
2915 2925 Green and gray, sandy shale
2925 3010 Brick-red shale, gray sandy shale, and some red to gray medium-grained sandstone
3010   Total depth

A gas odor was noted by Bishop at the top of the Niobrara Formation in a zone that possibly is faulted. Stratigraphically this is the same zone that produced minor amounts of gas in Sherman County in the old Goodland field. Also, under fluorescent light some dark-golden-brown oil stains were noted in the Omadi Formation. A few zones in the Omadi beds showed traces of free oil, but when the core was studied several months later, no traces of oil were found.

The drilling-time log is presented in Table 4. Time intervals are 10-foot to a depth of 1,997 feet and then 1-foot to total depth. Pertinent information concerning drilling operations is noted in the remarks column.

Table 4—Drilling-time log of Guy F. Atkinson Company No. 1 Beaumeister well, SE SE NE sec. 31, T. 2 S., R. 39 W., Cheyenne County, Kansas.

All measurements from rotary bushing, 5 feet above ground elevation of 3,262 ft.; size of hole, 7 7/8 in.; drill pipe: 4 1/2 in.
Depth Drilling time, minutes Remarks
From To
(10-foot time)
200 300 4-4-3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3 Date 4-29-1955; started drilling from under surface pipe at 7:43 p.m.
300 400 3-3-3-3-4-4-3-3-3-3  
400 500 4-3-4-3-3-3-3-6-5-6  
500 600 2-3-2-3-2-3-3-2-2-3 Test slope @ 594 ft.; (1;2%)
600 700 3-3-3-4-3-4-3-3-3-3 Date 4-30-1955
700 800 3-3-2-2-3-3-4-3-3-3  
800 900 3-2-2-3-3-3-3-4-5-5  
900 1000 4-5-4-4-4-3-4-4-5-4  
1000 1100 4-4-4-4-5-5-5-4-5-5 Test slope @ 1061 ft.; (1%)
1100 1200 4-4-3-3-3-3-3-4-3-3  
1200 1300 2-3-2-3-3-3-3-3-3-3  
1300 1400 3-3-4-5-7-7-6-3-3-3  
1400 1500 2-2-2-3-3-3-2-3-2-2 Jetted pits
1500 1600 3-4-4-3-3-3-3-2-3-2 Test slope @ 1590 ft.; (%%)
1600 1700 3-3-4-5-5-3-2-3-4-5  
1700 1800 5-7-9-9-10-10-11-11-11-11  
1800 1900 10-9-9-9-10-10-10-12-12-12  
1900 1997 10-10-10-11-10-11-10-10-11-10 Cir. 45 min. @ 1997 ft.; (Trip)
(1-foot time)
1997 2000 27-24-33 Start core 1 @ 1997 ft.;
2000 2010 28-35-21-21-20-18-19-19-18-18 Vis. 38, wt. 9.2 5-1-1955
2010 2020 16-13-14-16-18-20-17-15-16-12  
2020 2030 17-17-15-18-11-12-26-16-14-15 Pulled core for inspection @ 2026 ft.;
2030 2040 13-15-16-12-8-11-3-2-1-1 (core loss 4 ft. 7 in.) Start core 2
2040 2050 2-3-7-6-5-5-5-7-7-7  
2050 2060 8-10-7-6-6-7-6-5-5-4  
All measurements from rotary bushing, 5 feet above ground elevation of 3,262 ft.; size of hole, 7 7/8 in.; drill pipe: 4 1/2 in.
Depth Drilling time, minutes Remarks
From To
2060 2070 6-6-6-9-7-12-13-18-15-14 End of core 2 @ 2076 ft.; start core 3.
2070 2080 17-17-17-14-17-7-10-3-1-2 Vis. 35, wt. 9.1 5-2-1955
2080 2090 2-3-2-1-2-2-2-2-2-3 Pump press. 350
2090 2100 2-2-2-1-2-2-2-2-2-2  
2100 2110 3-2-2-3-2-1-3-4-4-4  
2110 2120 3-4-1-2-3-5-5-7-10-6  
2120 2130 9-8-6-5-2-8-6-1-4-7 End of core 3 @ 2126 ft.; start core 4
2130 2140 6-5-1-3-4-4-6-2-2-4  
2140 2150 1-1-1-3-13-10-2-4-8-7 Vis. 41, wt. 9.1, pump press. 450
2150 2160 4-5-5-6-6-6-4-6-4-5  
2160 2170 5-4-4-5-5-7-7-5-5-4  
2170 2180 5-4-5-6-6-7-9-6-4-4 End of core 4 @ 2176 ft.; start core 5
2180 2190 6-3-3-5-5-6-6-5-7-8 5-3-1955
2190 2200 8-8-14-11-15-2-2-2-3-2  
2200 2210 2-9-6-5-9-9-12-11-12-9 Vis. 42, wt. 9.2
2210 2220 6-4-5-7-8-8-8-8-5-5  
2220 2230 6-7-6-6-7-5-6-7-9-12 End of core 5 @ 2226 ft.; start core 6
2230 2240 11-8-5-9-4-4-3-5-2-2 Vis. 38, wt. 9.1, pump press. 450
2240 2250 5-6-4-4-7-5-5-6-6-7  
2250 2260 7-6-7-6-7-5-3-2-3-5 Vis. 41, wt. 9.2, pump press. 350
2260 2270 3-4-4-4-3-3-2-3-3-3 End of core 6 @ 2276 ft.; start core 7
2270 2280 4-5-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2  
2280 2290 1-2-2-2-2-2-1-2-2-2 5-4-1955 Pump press. 350
2290 2300 2-2-2-1-2-1-2-2-2-2  
2300 2310 2-2-2-3-2-5-3-6-12-8 End of core 7 @ 2309.5 ft.; start core 8
2310 2320 30-30-25-22-14-10-7-10-21-27 5-5-1955
2320 2330 26-23-24-23-22-20-20-22-17-23 Vis. 44, wt. 8.9, pump press. 450
2330 2340 23-24-20-23-21-14-15-16-14-14 5-6-1955
2340 2350 19-19-16-10-9-9-7-9-8-9  
2350 2360 13-12-13-13-16-20-17-14-9-3 End of core 8 @ 2359 ft.; start core 9
2360 2370 4-6-10-7-11-12-6-4-3-14 5-7-1955 Vis. 39, wt. 9.1
2370 2380 16-12-12-16-19-16-16-17-19-20  
2380 2390 18-17-12-15-10-13-17-19-16-17 Vis. 37, wt. 8.9
2390 2400 10-17-17-15-10-5-6-12-11-8  
2400 2410 15-8-5-10-13-15-15-14-16-21 End of core 9 @ 2409 ft.; start core 10
2410 2420 14-17-15-12-7-8-8-11-12-9 5-8-1955
2420 2430 3-3-2-2-4-4-6-6-3-5 Pulled core 10 @ 2427 ft. (damaged diamond corehead—pyrite)
2430 2440 5-4-3-4-7-10-8-3-4-3  
2440 2450 2-2-5-7-5-4-6-11-14-2  
2450 2460 4-6-5-6-8-5-2-1-2-2 End of core 11 @ 2454 ft.; start core 12
2460 2470 2-3-3-2-3-1-2-3-4-2  
2470 2480 5-4-6-4-8-8-11-13-14-12 End of core 12 @ 2484 ft. (stopped coring)
2480 2490 13-16-11-9-2-3-2-3-2-3  
2490 2500 3-3-3-3-4-3-2-3-4-2 5-9-1955 (5-ft. samples)
2500 2510 1-2-2-1-2-1-2-3-2-2 Vis. 40, wt. 9.0
2510 2520 2-1-2-1-2-2-1-1-1-2  
2520 2530 1-1-1-1-3-2-2-2-2-2  
2530 2540 2-2-1-2-2-3-3-2-2-2  
2540 2550 2-3-2-2-3-2-1-1-3-2  
2550 2560 2-4-7-1-5-5-5-4-8-7 Slope test (1%)
2560 2570 5-4-4-4-1-1-4-3-3-1  
2570 2580 1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-2  
2580 2590 1-2-4-2-3-3-3-3-3-2  
All measurements from rotary bushing, 5 feet above ground elevation of 3,262 ft.; size of hole, 7 7/8 in.; drill pipe: 4 1/5 in.
Depth Drilling time, minutes Remarks
From To
2590 2600 2-4-5-3-5-5-3-1-1-1 Vis. 39, wt. 9.0
2600 2610 1-1-1-1/2-1-1-1-1-1-1  
2610 2620 1-3-5-6-4-5-5-5-3-5  
2620 2630 4-3-3-4-5-3-5-5-4-5  
2630 2640 5-6-4-5-4-2-2-1-5-4 Vis. 38, wt. 9.1
2640 2650 4-3-1-1-3-1-2-1-2-1  
2650 2660 1-2-2-1-6-6-6-1-1-1/2  
2660 2670 1/2-1/2-1/2-1/2-1/2-1-1-3-5-2  
2670 2680 2-1-3-4-2-2-3-2-7-* * 1 foot kelly correction
2680 2690 12-8-7-8-8-11-10-9-13-14 Vis. 36, wt. 9.3
2690 2700 12-11-11-11-11-15-24-12-25-17 Trip @ 2700 ft. (new bit)
2700 2710 2-4-5-2-3-5-6-4-5-5  
2710 2720 7-9-5-5-3-2-3-4-4-4  
2720 2730 3-3-4-5-3-4-2-3-2-3  
2730 2740 2-2-3-3-3-1-2-5-3-3  
2740 2750 3-5-4-3-2-3-2-2-2-3  
2750 2760 3-2-2-2-2-2-1-3-2-3  
2760 2770 2-2-2-2-1-2-3-2-3-2  
2770 2780 2-3-2-4-2-2-4-2-3-2 Circ. 1 hr. @ 2775 ft.
2780 2790 2-2-2-2-2-3-2-3-2-3 Circ. % hr. @ 2790 ft.
2790 2800 2-2-2-2-3-3-2-3-4-2 Circ. 1 hr. @ 2800 ft.
2800 2810 11-8-12-10-8-11-9-11-9-11 5-10-1955 Start core 13 @ 2800 ft.
2810 2820 10-10-17-12-10-9-8-12-14-14 Vis. 38, wt. 9.2
2820 2830 15-15-12-13-13-14-12-2-2-2 End of core 13 @ 2827 ft.
2830 2840 4-4-2-3-3-3-3-2-3-3  
2840 2850 3-3-4-4-4-4-4-2-2-4  
2850 2860 4-3-5-5-4-4-2-5-6-4  
2860 2870 3-2-3-3-4-3-2-2-3-2  
2870 2880 1-2-2-2-2-3-3-2-2-7  
2880 2890 8-7-6-2-2-8-7-7-2-3  
2890 2900 2-1-2-6-7-5-9-9-8-10  
2900 2910 8-8-8-8-7-7-8-7-7-7  
2910 3920 7-6-6-4-4-4-3-3-3-3  
2920 2930 3-3-2-2-2-2-4-2-3-3  
2930 2940 2-3-2-3-3-2-3-3-4-2  
2940 2950 2-2-3-2-3-3-4-3-3-7  
2950 2960 8-7-5-4-1-1-1-1-1-1  
2960 2970 1/2-1/2-1-1/2-1/2-1-1/2-1/2-1/2-1/2  
2970 2980 1/2-1/2-1-1-1/2-1/2-1/2-1/2-1-1/2  
2980 2990 1/2-1/2-1/2-1/2-1-1/2-1/2-1-1-1/2  
2990 3000 1-1-1-1-1/2-1/2-1-1-1-1  
3000 3010 1-1-1-1/2-1/2-1-1/2-1/2-1-1 T.D. 5-10-1955 11:00 p.m.

Lithology of the Cretaceous Dakota core is shown in graphic form in Figure 3. Descriptions are supplemented by binocular and petrographic spot descriptions.

Figure 3—Graphic description of Dakota (Cretaceous) core from Guy F. Atkinson No. 1 Beaumeister well.

Graphic description of Dakota (Cretaceous) core.

Graphic description of Dakota (Cretaceous) core.

Graphic description of Dakota (Cretaceous) core.

Graphic description of Dakota (Cretaceous) core.

Graphic description of Dakota (Cretaceous) core.

Graphic description of Dakota (Cretaceous) core.

Graphic description of Dakota (Cretaceous) core.

Graphic description of Dakota (Cretaceous) core.

Graphic description of Dakota (Cretaceous) core.

Graphic description of Dakota (Cretaceous) core.

Paleontology

Megafossils

The following is a summary by William A. Cobban of the megafossils he identified from the core (written communication, July 6, 1956).

"The fossils from the cores of the Guy F. Atkinson No. 1 Beaumeister well in sec. 31, T. 2 S., R. 39 W., are all marine species. The presence of Inoceramus and "Corbula" in much of the core suggests moderately shallow water. The brachiopod Lingula occurs in marine and brackish-water deposits, but the associated fossils in the Kiowa cores show it to be marine there. The few fossils from the Omadi Formation, although indicating a marine environment, cannot be used for correlation."

Table 5 includes identification of fossils, their depth, and remarks made by Cobban.

Table 5—Description of megafossils from the Guy F. Atkinson No. 1 Beaumeister well.

Depth  
Fossils from Graneros Shale
1998 1/2 Medium-dark-gray calcareous shale.
Foraminifera: Pelagic species
Pelecypods: Inoceramus prefragilis Stephenson; Ostrea sp.
Remarks: The Inoceramus was described from the Woodbine Formation of Texas by Stephenson (U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 242, p. 64). I believe Stephenson's species is identical with Inoceramus pictus Sowerby from the Upper Cenomanian of England.
2007 Medium-dark-gray noncalcareous shale.
Pelecypod: Inoceramus arvanus Stephenson
Remarks: Another Woodbine species (U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 242, p. 65). Inoceramus is strictly a marine form.
2011 Medium-dark-gray calcareous shale.
Pelecypod: Inoceramus arvanus Stephenson
Cephalopod: Fragment of an ammonite, possibly Euomphaloceras
2011 1/2 Medium-dark-gray slightly calcareous shale.
Pelecypod: Inoceramus arvanus Stephenson
Vertebrate: Fragment of fish jaw
Fossils from Omadi Formation
2145 1/2 Light-gray fine-grained argillaceous sandstone containing black-coated, brown phosphatic (?) pebbles.
Brachiopod: Lingula n. sp.
Remarks: The presence of this brachiopod suggests either a brackish-water or near-shore marine environment.
2246 Light-gray very fine grained sandstone.
Pelecypod: Laternula n. sp.
Remarks: A marine form.
2285 Medium-dark-gray noncalcareous shale.
Pelecypod: Inoceramus sp.
Remarks: A marine environment is indicated by the presence of this genus.
Fossils from Kiowa Shale
2317 1/2 Gray siltstone with dark shale partings.
Brachiopod: Discinoid species
2363 Gray siltstone and darker shale.
Pelecypod: Gryphaea? sp.
2367 Medium-gray siltstone with darker shale streaks.
Pelecypod: Anomia sp.
2375 Medium-dark-gray noncalcareous shale.
Brachiopod: Discinoid species
2401 Medium-dark-gray noncalcareous shale.
Pelecypod: "Corbula" sp.
2411 Medium-dark-gray shale.
Pelecypod: "Corbula" sp.
2412 Medium-dark-gray shale.
Brachiopod: Lingula sp.
2413 Medium-dark-gray shale.
Brachiopod: Lingula sp.
Pelecypods: Cardium kansasense Meek; "Corbula" sp.
2414 Medium-gray shale.
Pelecypod: Cardium kansasense Meek
2415 Medium-gray shale.
Brachiopod: Lingula sp.
Pelecypod: Yoldia microdonta Meek
2418 Medium-gray shale.
Brachiopod: Lingula sp.
Pelecypod: Yoldia microdonta Meek
2420 Medium-gray shale.
Brachiopod: Lingula sp.
Pelecypod: Cardium kansasense Meek
Fossils from Cheyenne Sandstone
2448 Medium-dark-gray shale.
Pelecypods: Cardium kansasense Meek; Ursirivus? sp.

Microfossils

Thirty-seven shale samples were taken from the core to be examined for microfossils (Table 6). Eighteen of the samples were barren, but most of the other samples contained either fragments of fish teeth or scales. Many of the samples contained fragments of megafossil shells that were not identifiable. Small forams (Globigerina and Globigerenella) were found in the samples of Graneros Shale, and poorly preserved ostracodes (probably Bairdia and Cytherella) in one sample in lower Kiowa Shale. Of special interest is the abundance of plant spores in several samples in the Graneros Shale and Omadi Formation.

Table 6—Microfossils from Guy F. Atkinson No. 1 Beaumeister well, Cheyenne County, Kansas.

Depth  
Graneros Shale
1998 Globigerina, Globigerenella, fish teeth, and shell fragments
2002 Globigerenella and shell fragments
2007 Fish scales, teeth fragments, shell fragments, and spores
2010 Fish scales, teeth fragments, and shell fragments
2016 Fish scales, teeth fragments, shell fragments, and spores
2020 Fish teeth
2029 Fish teeth
2033 Fish teeth
Omadi Formation
2068 nothing
2073 nothing
2119 nothing
2123 nothing
2140 Fish teeth and shell fragments
2146 Spores and a small pyritized pelecypod
2149 Fish scales
2196 nothing
Kiowa Shale
2308 1/2 nothing
2312 nothing
2321 nothing
2324 nothing
2335 Fish scales
2337 nothing
2341 nothing
2343 Shell fragments
2351 nothing
2356 nothing
2366 Fish scales
2376 nothing
2385 nothing
2390 Shell material
2400 Shell material
2413 Shell material
2420 Poorly preserved ostracodes (Bairdia (?) and Cytherella (?)) and shell material
Cheyenne Sandstone
2471 nothing
2474 nothing
2479 nothing
2484 Valvulineria and small subcylindrical tubes (worm castings?)

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Kansas Geological Survey, Geology
Placed on web July 27, 2017; originally published April 15, 1959.
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